Löf Marie, Hilakivi-Clarke Leena, Sandin Sven, Weiderpass Elisabete
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008;87(5):524-30. doi: 10.1080/00016340802012288.
Western women frequently exhibit excessive gestational weight gain (GWG). The effects of maternal physical activity level (PAL) and body mass index (BMI) on the timing of GWG are insufficiently known.
To assess the impact of pre-pregnancy PAL and BMI on GWG during the second and third trimester and on birth weight.
Body weight was measured in 223 healthy Swedish women in gestational weeks 12, 25 and 33, and GWG during the second (weeks 12-25) and third trimesters (weeks 25-33) was determined (kg/week). PAL was assessed using a questionnaire. Birth weights were obtained from birth records. The results were evaluated by the fitting of linear statistical models.
Some 50 and 80% of the women exhibited excessive GWG during the second and third trimesters, respectively. Women with a high pre-pregnancy PAL gained 0.10 kg/week (p=0.04) less weight during the third trimester than women with a medium PAL. A 5 kg/m(2) higher BMI was associated with a 0.06 kg/week lower GWG in the second trimester (p=0.005), but with a 0.05 higher GWG in the third trimester (p=0.03). Maternal BMI (p=0.014) and total GWG (p=0.05) correlated with birth weight.
High BMI and low pre-pregnancy PAL were associated with excessive GWG. BMI and GWG, but not pre-pregnancy PAL, were linked to birth weight. However, together with smoking, parity, education and age, pre-pregnancy PAL and BMI explained only 4% of the variation in GWG. Thus, identification of other factors that could explain excessive GWG is an important area of future research.
西方女性孕期体重增加（GWG）往往过多。目前尚不清楚孕妇身体活动水平（PAL）和体重指数（BMI）对GWG时间的影响。
评估孕前PAL和BMI对孕中期和孕晚期GWG以及出生体重的影响。
对223名健康瑞典女性在孕12周、25周和33周时测量体重，并确定孕中期（12 - 25周）和孕晚期（25 - 33周）的GWG（千克/周）。使用问卷评估PAL。从出生记录中获取出生体重。通过拟合线性统计模型评估结果。
约50%和80%的女性分别在孕中期和孕晚期出现GWG过多的情况。孕前PAL高的女性在孕晚期每周体重增加比PAL中等的女性少0.10千克（p = 0.04）。BMI每高5千克/平方米，孕中期GWG每周降低0.06千克（p = 0.005），但孕晚期GWG每周升高0.05千克（p = 0.03）。孕妇BMI（p = 0.014）和总GWG（p = 0.05）与出生体重相关。
高BMI和低孕前PAL与GWG过多有关。BMI和GWG与出生体重有关，但孕前PAL无关。然而，连同吸烟、产次、教育程度和年龄一起，孕前PAL和BMI仅解释了GWG变化的4%。因此，确定其他可解释GWG过多的因素是未来研究的一个重要领域。
