Anidjar M, Delmas V, Thoumie P, Bedoiseau M, Boccon-Gibod L
Clinique urologique, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.
Prog Urol. 1991 Jun;1(3):407-12.
Fifteen paraplegic patients all presenting with vesico-sphincteric dyssynergia underwent, between January and September 1990, a urodynamic and electromyographic examination combined with pre-voiding or voiding transrectal ultrasonography. The ultrasound apparatus used was a Siemens Sonoline SL1 with a MHz linear intracavitary probe giving a strictly longitudinal plane of section. The urodynamic apparatus used was a Wiest 6000 with a Böhler 7 F urethral catheter and an electromyography needle-electrode implanted in the striated sphincter. This type of ultrasonography provided a precise and dynamic image of the bladder neck, prostatic urethra and external striated sphincter during the phases of filling and voiding. Spastic contractions of the striated sphincter during detrusor contraction were observed in 8 patients with an intermittent and jerky urinary stream. In 7 patients, the striated sphincter remained closed during detrusor contraction and only opened briefly as soon as detrusor contraction decreased, allowing only a weak and transient flow. By allowing the direct visualisation of the sphincteric obstruction during voiding, dynamic transrectal ultrasonography clearly confirmed the diagnosis of vesico-sphincteric dyssynergia. In contrast with classical voiding cystourethrography, this is a non-invasive, inexpensive and, most importantly, repeatable technique, as it does not require any irradiation. It is therefore suitable for drug evaluation trials, particularly of alpha-blockers and to assess one of the many treatments proposed in vesico-sphincteric dyssynergia.
1990年1月至9月期间,15例均表现为膀胱括约肌协同失调的截瘫患者接受了尿动力学和肌电图检查,并结合排尿前或排尿时的经直肠超声检查。所用超声设备为西门子Sonoline SL1型,配有兆赫线性腔内探头,可提供严格的纵向切面。所用尿动力学设备为Wiest 6000型,配有Böhler 7F尿道导管和植入横纹括约肌的肌电图针电极。这种超声检查在充盈期和排尿期提供了膀胱颈、前列腺尿道和外横纹括约肌的精确动态图像。在8例尿流间歇性且急促的患者中,观察到逼尿肌收缩时横纹括约肌的痉挛性收缩。在7例患者中,逼尿肌收缩时横纹括约肌保持关闭,仅在逼尿肌收缩减弱时短暂开放,导致尿流微弱且短暂。通过在排尿时直接观察括约肌梗阻情况,动态经直肠超声检查明确证实了膀胱括约肌协同失调的诊断。与传统的排尿性膀胱尿道造影不同,这是一种非侵入性、廉价且最重要的是可重复的技术,因为它不需要任何辐射。因此,它适用于药物评估试验,特别是α受体阻滞剂的试验,并可评估膀胱括约肌协同失调所提出的众多治疗方法之一。