Charlton Bruce, Crossley Beate, Hietala Sharon
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2009 Jul;32(4):341-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2008.01.009. Epub 2008 Apr 29.
The significant and continued transboundary spread of Asian avian influenza H5N1 since 2003, paired with documented transmission from avian species to humans and other mammals, has focused global attention on avian influenza virus detection and diagnostic strategies. While the historic and conventional laboratory methods used for isolation and identification of the virus and for detection of specific antibodies continued to be widely applied, new and emerging technologies are rapidly being adapted to support avian influenza virus surveillance and diagnosis worldwide. Molecular tools in particular are advancing toward lab-on-chip and fully integrated technologies that are capable of same day detection, pathotyping, and phylogenetic characterization of influenza A viruses obtained from clinical specimens. The future of avian influenza diagnostics, rather than moving toward a single approach, is wisely adopting a strategy that takes advantage of the range of conventional and advancing technologies to be used in "fit-for-purpose" testing.
自2003年以来，亚洲甲型禽流感H5N1显著且持续的跨界传播，加上有记录显示该病毒可从禽类传播给人类和其他哺乳动物，这使得全球将注意力集中在禽流感病毒检测和诊断策略上。虽然用于病毒分离鉴定和特定抗体检测的传统实验室方法仍在广泛应用，但新技术也在迅速得到应用，以支持全球范围内的禽流感病毒监测和诊断。尤其是分子工具正朝着芯片实验室和完全集成技术发展，这些技术能够对从临床标本中获得的甲型流感病毒进行当天检测、分型和系统发育特征分析。禽流感诊断的未来并非采用单一方法，而是明智地采用一种利用各种传统技术和先进技术进行“适用目的”检测的策略。
