Falesi M, Berni S, Strambi M
Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Minerva Pediatr. 2008 Apr;60(2):169-76.
Accidents are the main cause of death and disability in children and adolescents aged 1-15 years and cause more than one sixth of all infant admissions to hospital. In Italy, about 400 children and adolescents are involved in domestic accidents and more than 200 in road accidents. The aim of the study was to determine the number and type of accidents involving children and adolescents in the area of Siena and to compare present results with those obtained 20 years ago in order to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures evolving in the period.
Two groups of patients were admitted to the hospital of Siena for accidents between 1980-1985 and 2000-2006; age, gender, type of accident, frequency distribution in the study period and age of highest frequency of accidents were analysed.
The most frequent cause of admission to hospital in the earlier period was limb trauma with and without fracture, whereas in the later period it was head injury without fracture followed by limb trauma with and without fracture, and fracture of the skull, spine and trunk in boys and girls. Some variation in the course of the years was observed in both study period, however a constant, gradual reduction in admissions is evident.
Comparison of these data with those collected 20 years earlier revealed a general reduction in the number of hospital admissions. This encouraging result suggests that what has been done so far is effective and should be continued, and that it is also worthwhile taking measures to further reduce the toll of accidents.
事故是1至15岁儿童和青少年死亡和残疾的主要原因，导致超过六分之一的婴儿住院。在意大利，约400名儿童和青少年遭遇家庭事故，超过200名涉及道路事故。本研究的目的是确定锡耶纳地区涉及儿童和青少年的事故数量和类型，并将目前的结果与20年前获得的结果进行比较，以评估这一时期所采取预防措施的有效性。
两组患者分别于1980 - 1985年和2000 - 2006年因事故入住锡耶纳医院；分析了年龄、性别、事故类型、研究期间的频率分布以及事故发生频率最高的年龄。
早期住院的最常见原因是有或无骨折的肢体创伤，而后期是无骨折的头部损伤，其次是有或无骨折的肢体创伤，以及男孩和女孩的颅骨、脊柱和躯干骨折。在两个研究期间都观察到了多年来的一些变化，然而住院人数持续、逐渐减少是明显的。
将这些数据与20年前收集的数据进行比较，发现住院人数总体有所减少。这一令人鼓舞的结果表明，迄今为止所做的工作是有效的，应该继续下去，而且采取措施进一步减少事故伤亡也是值得的。
