Kouri G, Valdéz M, Arguello L, Guzmán M G, Valdés L, Soler M, Bravo J
Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri, Habana, Cuba.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1991 Sep-Oct;33(5):365-71.
In the second half of the year 1985, during the rainy season, an epidemic of Dengue Fever was recognized in Nicaragua. A total of 17,483 cases were reported by the health services. The highest morbidity and attack rates were reported between August and November of the same year. Regions II (Leon and Chinandega), III (Managua) and IV (Masaya, Granada, Carazo y Rivas) reported 89% of the cases; these regions are precisely the more densely populated in the country, located in the Pacific Coast. Leon and Chinandega were the more affected cities reporting 41% of the cases of the epidemic. Sixty seven percent of the cases were adults, 57% were female. The national attack rate was 55.4/10,000 inhab. An intensive campaign for the control of the vector was launched immediately after the epidemic was recognized and by the month of October 1985 morbidity decreased and an endemic situation was established. Seven fatal cases were reported in adults. They were considered as DHF/DSS cases by a multidisciplinary group of pathologists and clinicians, considering the criteria of WHO and the experience obtained during the cuban DHF/DSS epidemic, in 1981. The outbreak was considered as a Classical Dengue Fever epidemic with 7 fatalities. Dengue-1 and -2 were isolated from acute sera and Dengue-1 from one of the dead.
1985年下半年雨季期间，尼加拉瓜出现登革热疫情。卫生部门共报告了17483例病例。同年8月至11月期间报告的发病率和罹患率最高。第二大区（莱昂和奇南德加）、第三大区（马那瓜）和第四大区（马萨亚、格拉纳达、卡拉佐和里瓦斯）报告了89%的病例；这些地区恰好是该国人口更为密集的地区，位于太平洋沿岸。莱昂和奇南德加是受影响更大的城市，报告了该疫情41%的病例。67%的病例为成年人，57%为女性。全国罹患率为55.4/10000居民。疫情被确认后立即开展了一场密集的病媒控制运动，到1985年10月发病率下降，并形成了地方病态势。报告了7例成人死亡病例。一个由病理学家和临床医生组成的多学科小组根据世界卫生组织的标准以及1981年古巴登革出血热/登革休克综合征疫情期间获得的经验，将这些病例视为登革出血热/登革休克综合征病例。此次疫情被视为有7人死亡的典型登革热疫情。从急性期血清中分离出登革1型和2型病毒，从一名死者身上分离出登革1型病毒。
