Storlie J
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Rush University, Chicago.
Int J Sport Nutr. 1991 Jun;1(2):192-204. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.1.2.192.
Athletes, like all people, have special nutritional needs based on their age, lifestyle, health status, level of physical activity, physical conditioning, and type of sport. The diets of many athletes are inadequate due to overly restrictive eating habits, nutrition misinformation, dietary fads, and/or obsession with weight and food. There is a growing need for sports nutrition counseling and education to help athletes improve their eating habits. However, before attempting to develop intervention strategies, sports nutritionists should assess the metabolic changes that take place during exercise and how these changes affect nutrition status. In addition, it is important to consider how psychosocial factors may influence an athlete's eating habits and his/her ability to make positive changes. A two-pronged model is introduced that can be used as a guide for the practitioner in interpreting relevant data and integrating physiological and psychological considerations for the design of individualized nutrition care plans for athletes.
与所有人一样，运动员因其年龄、生活方式、健康状况、身体活动水平、体能状况及运动类型而有特殊的营养需求。由于饮食习惯过度受限、营养信息错误、饮食时尚潮流以及/或者对体重和食物的过度关注，许多运动员的饮食并不充足。对运动营养咨询和教育的需求日益增长，以帮助运动员改善饮食习惯。然而，在尝试制定干预策略之前，运动营养学家应评估运动期间发生的代谢变化以及这些变化如何影响营养状况。此外，重要的是要考虑社会心理因素可能如何影响运动员的饮食习惯及其做出积极改变的能力。本文介绍了一个双管齐下的模型，可作为从业者解读相关数据以及为运动员设计个性化营养护理计划时整合生理和心理因素的指南。
