N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体拮抗剂在尼古丁耐受、敏感化及身体依赖性中的作用：一项临床前综述
The role of NMDA receptor antagonists in nicotine tolerance, sensitization, and physical dependence: a preclinical review.
作者信息
Jain Raka, Mukherjee Kaushiki, Balhara Yatan Pal Singh
机构信息
National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre and Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, Pin 110029, India.
出版信息
Yonsei Med J. 2008 Apr 30;49(2):175-88. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2008.49.2.175.
Nicotine, the primary psychoactive component of tobacco products, produces diverse neurophysiological, motivational, and behavioral effects through several brain regions and neurochemical pathways. Various neurotransmitter systems have been explored to understand the mechanisms behind nicotine tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal. Recent evidence suggests that glutamate neurotransmission has an important role in this phenomenon. The aim of the present review is to discuss preclinical findings concerning the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor neurotransmission in mediating the behavioral effects of nicotine, tolerance, sensitization, dependence, and withdrawal. Based on preclinical findings, it is hypothesized that NMDA receptors mediate the common adaptive processes that are involved in the development, maintenance, and expression of nicotine addiction. Modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission with NMDA receptor antagonists may prove to be useful in alleviating the symptoms of nicotine abstinence and facilitate tobacco-smoking cessation.
尼古丁是烟草制品中的主要精神活性成分，它通过多个脑区和神经化学途径产生多种神经生理、动机和行为效应。人们已经探索了各种神经递质系统，以了解尼古丁耐受性、依赖性和戒断背后的机制。最近的证据表明，谷氨酸能神经传递在这一现象中起重要作用。本综述的目的是讨论关于N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体神经传递在介导尼古丁的行为效应、耐受性、敏化、依赖性和戒断方面作用的临床前研究结果。基于临床前研究结果，推测NMDA受体介导了参与尼古丁成瘾的发生、维持和表现的常见适应性过程。用NMDA受体拮抗剂调节谷氨酸能神经传递可能被证明有助于减轻尼古丁戒断症状并促进戒烟。
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