Trujillo K A
Psychology Program, California State University, San Marcos 92096, USA.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1995 Dec;13(4):301-7. doi: 10.1016/0893-133X(95)00088-U.
Recent research has demonstrated that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, a class of excitatory amino acid receptors, may have an important role in opiate tolerance and physical dependence. Much of the evidence for this has arisen from studies that have examined the effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on these phenomena. This article summarizes research from our laboratory on the effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on opiate tolerance and dependence in rats. Noncompetitive NMDA antagonists, including MK-801, ketamine, phencyclidine, and dextrorphan have been found at low doses to inhibit the development, or acquisition, of opiate tolerance and dependence but not the expression. The results suggest that NMDA receptors have a role in the neural plasticity responsible for tolerance and dependence. Selected theoretical and therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.
最近的研究表明，N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体，一类兴奋性氨基酸受体，可能在阿片类耐受性和身体依赖性中发挥重要作用。这方面的许多证据来自于研究NMDA受体拮抗剂对这些现象的影响。本文总结了我们实验室关于NMDA受体拮抗剂对大鼠阿片类耐受性和依赖性影响的研究。已发现非竞争性NMDA拮抗剂，包括MK-801、氯胺酮、苯环己哌啶和右啡烷，在低剂量时可抑制阿片类耐受性和依赖性的发展或获得，但不影响其表达。结果表明，NMDA受体在负责耐受性和依赖性的神经可塑性中起作用。讨论了这些发现的一些理论和治疗意义。
