Helms Christa M, Mitchell Suzanne H
Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Neuroscience, L-584, 505 N.W. 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Behav Brain Res. 2008 Aug 22;191(2):210-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.03.028. Epub 2008 Mar 27.
Previous studies show that the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is required for behavior to adjust when the value of a reinforcer decreases after satiation or pairing with gastric distress. This study evaluated the effect of pre- or post-training excitotoxic lesions of the BLA on changes in preference with another type of contingency change, reinforcer magnitude reversal. Rats were trained to press left and right levers during a variable-interval choice phase for 50 microl or 150 microl sucrose delivered to consistent locations after a 16-s delay. Tones were presented during the first and last 2s of the delay to reinforcement. The tone frequency predicted the magnitude of sucrose reinforcement in baseline conditions. All groups acquired stable preference for the lever on the large (150 microl) reinforcer side. However, nose poking during the delay to large reinforcement was highly accurate (i.e., to the reinforced side) for all groups except the rats with BLA lesions induced before training, suggesting impaired control of behavior by the tone. After the acquisition of stable preference, the locations of the reinforcer magnitudes were unpredictably reversed for a single session. Pre-training lesions blunted changes in preference when the reinforcer magnitudes were reversed. Lesions induced after stable preference was acquired, but prior to reversal, did not disrupt changes in preference. The data suggest that the BLA contributes to the adaptation of choice behavior following changes in reinforcer magnitude. Impaired learning about the tone-reinforcer magnitude relationships may have disrupted discrimination of the reinforcer magnitude reversal.
先前的研究表明,当强化物在饱足或与胃部不适配对后价值降低时,行为调整需要基底外侧杏仁核(BLA)。本研究评估了训练前或训练后BLA兴奋性毒性损伤对另一种意外变化(强化物大小反转)引起的偏好变化的影响。大鼠在可变间隔选择阶段接受训练,按压左右杠杆以获取在延迟16秒后输送到固定位置的50微升或150微升蔗糖。在延迟强化的前2秒和最后2秒呈现音调。在基线条件下,音调频率预测蔗糖强化的大小。所有组都对大(150微升)强化物一侧的杠杆产生了稳定的偏好。然而,除了训练前诱导BLA损伤的大鼠外,所有组在延迟获得大强化物期间的鼻触都非常准确(即朝向强化物一侧),这表明音调对行为的控制受损。在获得稳定偏好后,强化物大小的位置在单个实验中不可预测地反转。训练前的损伤在强化物大小反转时减弱了偏好的变化。在获得稳定偏好后但在反转之前诱导的损伤并没有破坏偏好的变化。数据表明,BLA有助于强化物大小变化后选择行为的适应。对音调-强化物大小关系的学习受损可能干扰了对强化物大小反转的辨别。