Luo Yuzhou, Zhang Xuyang, Liu Xingmei, Ficklin Darren, Zhang Minghua
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2008 Dec;156(3):1171-81. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.04.005. Epub 2008 May 23.
The hydrology, sediment, and pesticide transport components of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) were evaluated on the northern San Joaquin Valley watershed of California. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients for monthly stream flow and sediment load ranged from 0.49 to 0.99 over the watershed during the study period of 1992-2005. The calibrated SWAT model was applied to simulate fate and transport processes of two organophosphate pesticides of diazinon and chlorpyrifos at watershed scale. The model generated satisfactory predictions of dissolved pesticide loads relative to the monitoring data. The model also showed great success in capturing spatial patterns of dissolved diazinon and chlorpyrifos loads according to the soil properties and landscape morphology over the large agricultural watershed. This study indicated that curve number was the major factor influencing the hydrology while pesticide fate and transport were mainly affected by surface runoff and pesticide application and in the study area.
在加利福尼亚州圣华金河谷北部流域对土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）的水文、泥沙和农药迁移组分进行了评估。在1992 - 2005年的研究期间，该流域月径流量和泥沙负荷的纳什 - 萨特克利夫系数在0.49至0.99之间。校准后的SWAT模型用于在流域尺度上模拟二嗪农和毒死蜱这两种有机磷农药的归宿和迁移过程。相对于监测数据，该模型对溶解态农药负荷做出了令人满意的预测。根据大型农业流域的土壤特性和地貌形态，该模型在捕捉溶解态二嗪农和毒死蜱负荷的空间格局方面也取得了巨大成功。本研究表明，径流曲线数是影响水文的主要因素，而在研究区域内，农药的归宿和迁移主要受地表径流和农药施用的影响。
