In the storage phase, mechanical stretch stimulates bladder afferents. These signals generate sensations and trigger voiding responses, however the precise mechanisms by which mechanical stimuli excite bladder afferents are yet to be explored. For mechanosensory transduction, the presence of mechanosensors is essential in the peripheral sensory systems including sensory nerve endings, urothelium and others. There is increasing evidence that mechanosensitive ion channels, such as degenerin/epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel families, play key roles in the mechanosensory transduction of the urinary bladder. Pharmacological interventions targeting mechanosensitive ion channels may provide a new strategy for the treatment of bladder dysfunction.