Høye Sevald, Severinsson Elisabeth
Department of Nursing, Hedmark University College, N-2418 Elverum, Norway.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2008 Dec;24(6):338-48. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2008.03.007. Epub 2008 May 12.
The aim of this study was to explore nurses' perceptions of their encounters with multicultural families in intensive care units in Norwegian hospitals. Immigrants from non-Western countries make up 6.1% of the population in Norway. When a person suffers an acute and critical illness the person's family may experience crises. Nurses' previous experiences of caring for culturally diverse patients and families is challenging due to linguistic differences, and contextual factors. Family members should be near their critically ill spouse to reduce the impact from a frightening environment. The study had a descriptive exploratory qualitative design with a retrospective focus. Three multistage focus groups consisting of 16 nurses were set up in intensive care units. The data were analysed by interpretive content analysis. The theme 'Cultural diversity and workplace stressors' emerged. This theme was characterised by four categories: 'impact on work patterns'; 'communication challenges'; 'responses to crises' and 'professional status and gender issues'. In conclusion, nurses' perception of their encounters with multicultural families in intensive care units seem to be ambiguous with challenges in interaction, and the nurses' stressors emanating from linguistic, cultural and ethnic differentness. To diminish cultural diversity the nurses strive for increased knowledge of different cultures and religions.
本研究的目的是探讨挪威医院重症监护病房护士对与多元文化家庭接触的看法。来自非西方国家的移民占挪威人口的6.1%。当一个人患有急性危重病时，其家人可能会经历危机。由于语言差异和背景因素，护士以往照顾文化背景各异的患者及其家庭的经历具有挑战性。家庭成员应靠近其重症配偶，以减轻可怕环境带来的影响。本研究采用描述性探索性定性设计，重点为回顾性研究。在重症监护病房设立了由16名护士组成的三个多阶段焦点小组。通过解释性内容分析法对数据进行分析。出现了“文化多样性与工作场所压力源”这一主题。该主题有四个类别：“对工作模式的影响”；“沟通挑战”；“对危机的应对”以及“职业地位和性别问题”。总之，护士对在重症监护病房与多元文化家庭接触的看法似乎模棱两可，存在互动方面的挑战，且护士的压力源源于语言、文化和种族差异。为减少文化多样性，护士们努力增加对不同文化和宗教的了解。
