Genome. 1996 Feb;39(1):1-8. doi: 10.1139/g96-001.
Recent progress in the genetic analysis of inbreeding depression in plants is reviewed. While the debate over the importance of genes of dominance versus overdominance effect continues, the scope of inferences has widened and now includes such facets as the interactions between genes, the relative abundance of major versus minor genes, life cycle stage expression, and mutation rates. The types of inferences are classified into the genomic, where many genes are characterized as an average, and the genic, where individual genes are characterized. Genomic inferences can be based upon natural levels of inbreeding depression, purging experiments, the comparison of individuals of differing F (e.g., prior inbreeding), and various crossing designs. Genic inferences mainly involve mapping and characterizing loci with genetic markers, involving either a single cross or, ideally, several crosses. Alternative statistical models for analyzing polymorphic loci causing inbreeding depression should be a fruitful problem for geneticists to pursue. Key words : inbreeding depression, genetic load, self-fertilization, QTL mapping.
本文综述了植物近交衰退的遗传分析方面的最新进展。虽然关于显性和超显性基因效应重要性的争论仍在继续，但推断的范围已经扩大，现在包括基因之间的相互作用、主效基因与微效基因的相对丰度、生活史阶段表达和突变率等方面。推断的类型分为基因组水平，其中许多基因被平均描述，以及基因水平，其中单个基因被描述。基因组推断可以基于自然水平的近交衰退、净化实验、不同 F 值个体的比较（例如，先前的近交）以及各种杂交设计。基因推断主要涉及使用遗传标记对具有遗传标记的基因座进行定位和特征描述，涉及单个杂交或理想情况下的多个杂交。分析引起近交衰退的多态性基因座的替代统计模型应该是遗传学家研究的一个富有成效的问题。关键词：近交衰退、遗传负荷、自交、QTL 作图。
