Kazal H L
Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1976 Sep-Oct;6(5):381-99.
Many bacterial species are responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of foodborne intoxication and infection. The foodborne diseases are classified on the basis of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved into four categories: performed toxin, enterotoxin formed in the colonized small intestine, mucosal invasion (enterocolitis) and mucosal invasion with bacteremia. Invasive and toxigenic strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli are discussed. In vivo test systems for the identification of enterotoxigenic organisms and tissue culture assays for the heat-labile enterotoxin of E. coli are described. Current laboratory methods for the diagnosis of foodborne diseases of major public health interest are reviewed - botulism, staphylococcal intoxication, Clostridium perfringens enteritis, salmonellosis, enteropathogenic E. coli infection, Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection and Bacillus cereus enteritis. The role of the laboratory in the epidemiologic surveillance and investigation of foodborne diseases is emphasized.
许多细菌种类可导致散发性病例以及食源性中毒和感染的暴发。食源性疾病根据所涉及的致病机制分为四类：产毒素、在定植的小肠中形成的肠毒素、黏膜侵袭（小肠结肠炎）以及伴有菌血症的黏膜侵袭。文中讨论了致病性大肠杆菌的侵袭性和产毒菌株。描述了用于鉴定产肠毒素生物的体内测试系统以及大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素的组织培养测定法。综述了当前用于诊断具有重大公共卫生意义的食源性疾病的实验室方法——肉毒中毒、葡萄球菌中毒、产气荚膜梭菌肠炎、沙门氏菌病、致病性大肠杆菌感染、副溶血性弧菌感染和蜡样芽孢杆菌肠炎。强调了实验室在食源性疾病的流行病学监测和调查中的作用。
