Chandra R, Kumar Narendra, Tyagi A K
Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttaranchal.
J Environ Sci Eng. 2007 Jul;49(3):183-8.
Decomposition rates and nutrient contents of sulphitation pressmud (SPM), either alone or by mixing with cow dung and rice straw, under the aerobic (heap and NADEP), anaerobic (pit) and vermicomposting methods were compared. Loss in Organic C and C/N ratios of the decomposing materials indicated the heap and NADEP methods faster for the composting of SPM alone and SPM + cow dung and vermicomposting method for SPM + rice straw registering significant reductions in Organic C ranging from 45.0 to 61.0% from the respective decomposing materials at termination time (119 days). The heap and NADEP methods recorded C/N ratio of SPM alone as low as 11 and 12 and SPM + cow dung as 12.0 and 13.9 at termination stage. Vermicomposting method brought the C/N ratio of SPM + rice straw to 16.4 as compared to 18.6 to 29.8 with the other methods. Irrespective of the composting methods, CO2 evolution from the decomposing materials was higher in early period (up to 28 days). Among methods, NADEP and heap methods recorded more CO2 evolution in early period while vermicomposting method showed more CO2 evolution at the later intervals in comparison to the other methods. Nutrient content in the decomposing materials at different intervals depended on their initial contents. Total N in the composts were statistically comparable, however, the composts of SPM alone recorded relatively more N than SPM + cow dung and SPM + rice-straw prepared by the respective methods. Total P and K contents of the composts increased with time irrespective of the composting methods. Composts of SPM alone recorded significantly more total P than SPM + cow dung and SPM + rice straw at 62, 91 and 119 days while SPM + rice straw recorded more total K than the composts of other materials. Total P in the composts did not differ with the composting methods, but total K in composts of SPM alone was relatively more with heap and NADEP methods, in SPM + cow dung with pit method and in SPM + rice straw by vermicomposting method. Total S in the composts decreased with time and both the aerobic methods showed more reductions than pit and vermicomposting methods.
比较了单独的亚硫酸化滤泥（SPM），以及将其与牛粪和稻草混合后，在好氧（堆肥和NADEP）、厌氧（坑式）和蚯蚓堆肥方法下的分解速率和养分含量。分解物料中有机碳的损失和碳氮比表明，单独堆肥SPM以及SPM与牛粪混合时，堆肥和NADEP方法分解速度更快；而SPM与稻草混合时，蚯蚓堆肥方法分解速度更快。在终止期（119天），各自的分解物料中有机碳显著减少，减少幅度在45.0%至61.0%之间。在终止阶段，堆肥和NADEP方法测得单独SPM的碳氮比低至11和12，SPM与牛粪混合时为12.0和13.9。与其他方法相比，蚯蚓堆肥方法使SPM与稻草混合后的碳氮比降至16.4，而其他方法的碳氮比在18.6至29.8之间。无论采用哪种堆肥方法，分解物料在早期（直至28天）的二氧化碳释放量都较高。在各种方法中，NADEP和堆肥方法在早期记录到更多的二氧化碳释放量，而与其他方法相比，蚯蚓堆肥方法在后期记录到更多的二氧化碳释放量。不同时间段分解物料中的养分含量取决于其初始含量。堆肥中的总氮在统计学上具有可比性，然而，单独SPM的堆肥中记录到的氮含量相对高于通过各自方法制备的SPM与牛粪混合以及SPM与稻草混合的堆肥。无论采用哪种堆肥方法，堆肥中的总磷和钾含量都随时间增加。在62、91和119天，单独SPM的堆肥中记录到的总磷显著高于SPM与牛粪混合以及SPM与稻草混合的堆肥，而SPM与稻草混合的堆肥中记录到的总钾高于其他物料的堆肥。堆肥中的总磷不受堆肥方法的影响，但单独SPM的堆肥中，堆肥和NADEP方法下的总钾含量相对较高，SPM与牛粪混合的堆肥中坑式方法下的总钾含量相对较高，SPM与稻草混合的堆肥中蚯蚓堆肥方法下的总钾含量相对较高。堆肥中的总硫随时间减少，两种好氧方法的减少幅度均大于坑式和蚯蚓堆肥方法。
