Baade Peter, Carrière P, Fritschi L
Viertel Centre for Research in Cancer Control, The Cancer Council Queensland, Spring Hill, QLD, Australia.
Cancer Causes Control. 2008 Dec;19(10):1043-9. doi: 10.1007/s10552-008-9168-z. Epub 2008 May 14.
Although increasing incidence of testicular germ cell cancer has been reported in many developed nations, national estimates for Australia, with histological differentiation, are not currently available.
Using data from all state and territory population-based cancer registries in Australia, this paper reports on incidence trends for seminomas and non-seminomas in Australia between 1982 and 2004 using Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort models.
Of the 10,528 testicular germ cell cancers diagnosed during this period, 6086 (58%) were seminomas. Incidence rates have increased (2.6% per year) in Australia since 1982, with the effect stronger among seminomas (3.4% per year) rather than non-seminomas (1.4% per year). There was a strong age effect evident for both subtypes, peaking in the 25-29 year age group for non-seminomas and the 30-34 year age group for seminomas. Non-seminoma rates reflected a significant birth cohort effect, following a U-shaped pattern with the lowest risk among the 1,945 birth cohort.
The differential trends observed for Australia for seminomas and non-seminomas are consistent with those reported for the United States, but slightly different to those reported for Europe. The trends may be at least partly due to changes over time in the prevalence of etiologic or protective factors around the time of birth.
尽管许多发达国家报告睾丸生殖细胞癌的发病率在上升，但目前尚无澳大利亚按组织学分化的全国性估计数据。
利用澳大利亚所有州和地区基于人群的癌症登记处的数据，本文使用Joinpoint和年龄-时期-队列模型报告了1982年至2004年澳大利亚精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞瘤的发病趋势。
在此期间诊断出的10528例睾丸生殖细胞癌中，6086例（58%）为精原细胞瘤。自1982年以来，澳大利亚的发病率有所上升（每年2.6%），精原细胞瘤的上升幅度更大（每年3.4%），而非精原细胞瘤为（每年1.4%）。两种亚型都有明显的年龄效应，非精原细胞瘤在25-29岁年龄组达到峰值，精原细胞瘤在30-34岁年龄组达到峰值。非精原细胞瘤发病率反映出显著的出生队列效应，呈U形模式，1945年出生队列的风险最低。
澳大利亚精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞瘤观察到的不同趋势与美国报告的趋势一致，但与欧洲报告的趋势略有不同。这些趋势可能至少部分归因于出生前后病因或保护因素流行率随时间的变化。
