Chlebicki Jan, Wegrzyńska Joanna, Wilk Kazimiera A
Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2008 Jul 15;323(2):372-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.04.011. Epub 2008 May 16.
A series of new cationic surfactants, bis-quaternary ammonium dibromides, were synthesized. The properties of these surfactants were characterized by surface tension measurements, conductivity study, and dynamic light scattering. The surface properties, such as surface excess concentration, Gamma(cmc), surface area demand per molecule, A(min), efficiency in surface tension reduction, pC(20), the effectiveness of surface tension reduction, gamma(min), critical micelle concentration, cmc, and standard free energy of micellization, DeltaG(mic)(0) and DeltaG(ads)(0), were obtained by means of surface tension measurements. The antielectrostatic properties were investigated by measuring the surface resistance, the half-charge decay time, and the maximum voltage induced on polyethylene films and propylene unwoven fabrics. Critical micellar concentrations (cmc) of investigated salts were much lower than those of the monomeric salt DTAC. The results obtained in this work were compared to analogous bis-quaternary ammonium dichlorides and well-known gemini cationic surfactants. It was found that the type of counterion had an impact on the values of the micelle ionization degree and the hydrodynamic diameters. Larger aggregates were found for bis-quaternary ammonium dibromides, which had smaller values of the ionization micelle degree than bis-quaternary ammonium dichlorides. Moreover, the antielectrostatic effect strongly depended on the kind of counterion. All investigated salts had very good antistatic properties.
合成了一系列新型阳离子表面活性剂双季铵二溴化物。通过表面张力测量、电导率研究和动态光散射对这些表面活性剂的性能进行了表征。借助表面张力测量获得了表面性质，如表面过剩浓度Γ(cmc)、每个分子的表面积需求A(min)、降低表面张力的效率pC(20)、降低表面张力的有效性γ(min)、临界胶束浓度cmc以及胶束化的标准自由能ΔG(mic)(0)和吸附标准自由能ΔG(ads)(0)。通过测量聚乙烯薄膜和丙纶无纺布上的表面电阻、半电荷衰减时间以及感应的最大电压来研究抗静电性能。所研究盐的临界胶束浓度(cmc)远低于单季铵盐DTAC的临界胶束浓度。将本工作获得的结果与类似的双季铵二氯化物和著名的双子阳离子表面活性剂进行了比较。发现抗衡离子的类型对胶束电离度值和流体动力学直径有影响。对于双季铵二溴化物，发现其聚集体更大，其胶束电离度值比双季铵二氯化物小。此外，抗静电效果强烈依赖于抗衡离子的种类。所有研究的盐都具有非常好的抗静电性能。
