Mazzei F, D'Alessandro A, Lucarelli F, Nava S, Prati P, Valli G, Vecchi R
Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2008 Aug 15;401(1-3):81-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.03.008. Epub 2008 May 16.
Daily time series measurements of elements or compounds are widely used to apportion the contribution of specific sources of particulate matter concentration in the atmosphere. We present results obtained for the urban area of Genoa (Italy) based on several hundred of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 daily samples collected in sites with different geo-morphological and urbanization characteristics. Elemental concentrations of Na to Pb were obtained through Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF), and the contributions of specific sources of particulate matter (PM) concentration were apportioned through Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). By sampling at different sites we were able to obtain, in each PM fraction, the average and stable values for the tracers of specific sources, in particular traffic (Cu, Zn, Pb) and heavy oil combustion (V, Ni). We could also identify and quote the contamination of anthropogenic PM in "natural" sources (sea, soil dust). Sampling at several sites in the same urban area allowed us to resolve local characteristics as well as to quote average values.
对元素或化合物进行每日时间序列测量，被广泛用于确定大气中颗粒物浓度的特定来源的贡献。我们展示了基于在具有不同地貌和城市化特征的地点收集的数百个PM10、PM2.5和PM1每日样本，在热那亚（意大利）市区获得的结果。通过能量色散X射线荧光光谱法（ED-XRF）获得了从钠到铅的元素浓度，并通过正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF）确定了颗粒物（PM）浓度的特定来源的贡献。通过在不同地点进行采样，我们能够在每个PM组分中获得特定来源示踪剂的平均和稳定值，特别是交通（铜、锌、铅）和重油燃烧（钒、镍）。我们还能够识别并列举“自然”来源（海洋、土壤尘埃）中人为PM的污染情况。在同一市区的多个地点进行采样，使我们能够解析局部特征并列举平均值。
