Stensson Malin, Wendt Lill-Kari, Koch Göran, Oldaeus Göran, Birkhed Dowen
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2008 Jul;18(4):243-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2008.00921.x. Epub 2008 May 16.
The aim of this study was to investigate oral health and its determinants in 3-year-old and 6-year-old children with asthma.
Caries and gingivitis were examined in 127 asthmatic (all children with asthma in a selected area and born during a specific time period) and 117 matched, healthy control children. The parents were interviewed regarding various oral-health-related factors.
The mean dfs (+/- standard deviation) in the 3-year-old with asthma was 1.4 +/- 3.2 compared with 0.5 +/- 1.2 in the controls (P < 0.05). The corresponding figures for the 6-year-old were 2.5 +/- 3.9 and 1.8 +/- 2.8. The 3-year-old asthmatic children had more gingival bleeding than the healthy controls (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in gingivitis in the 6-year-old children. Asthmatic children reported higher consumption of sugar-containing drinks and were more frequently mouthbreathers than healthy children (P < 0.05). In 3-year-old children with asthma and immigrant background, the mean dfs was higher compared with immigrant children in the control group (P < 0.01).
The results indicate that preschool children with asthma have higher caries prevalence than healthy children. The factors discriminating for caries in asthmatic children are higher intake of sugary drinks, mouth breathing, and immigrant background.
本研究旨在调查3岁和6岁哮喘儿童的口腔健康状况及其决定因素。
对127名哮喘儿童（选定区域内所有哮喘儿童且在特定时间段出生）和117名匹配的健康对照儿童进行龋齿和牙龈炎检查。就各种与口腔健康相关的因素对家长进行访谈。
3岁哮喘儿童的平均龋失补牙面数（±标准差）为1.4±3.2，而对照组为0.5±1.2（P<0.05）。6岁儿童的相应数字分别为2.5±3.9和1.8±2.8。3岁哮喘儿童的牙龈出血比健康对照组更多（P<0.05）。6岁儿童的牙龈炎无显著差异。哮喘儿童报告饮用含糖饮料的量更高，且比健康儿童更常张口呼吸（P<0.05）。在有移民背景的3岁哮喘儿童中，平均龋失补牙面数高于对照组中的移民儿童（P<0.01）。
结果表明，哮喘学龄前儿童的龋齿患病率高于健康儿童。哮喘儿童龋齿的判别因素是含糖饮料摄入量更高、张口呼吸和移民背景。
