Unilever Research, Edgewater, NJ 07087, USA.
Int J Cosmet Sci. 2004 Jun;26(3):129-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00210.x.
Although acne has traditionally been viewed as predominantly affecting adolescents, a significant and growing body of literature suggests an adult (i.e. post-adolescent) form of the disease. This review summarizes selected publications on post-adolescent acne, and discusses possible causes and treatment options. Recent epidemiological studies show that there appears to be an increase in post-adolescent acne, and that the disease is lasting longer and is requiring treatment well into the mid forties. There is good agreement that, unlike teenage acne, where males tend to show the most severe forms of the disease, post-adolescent acne mainly affects females (the lesions are frequently perioral and occur premenstrually) and that there are two forms of the disease. The terms 'persistent' and 'late onset' are now generally accepted as describing these two types. The causes of post-adolescent acne remain to be fully elucidated and hormones, colonization by resistant bacteria and the use of cosmetics have been put forward and debated in the literature. Additionally, some clues to the cause of post-adolescent acne may be gleaned from an individual's response to therapy. Perhaps one of the most intriguing explanations for the increase in this disease is the proposed relationship between increasing stress levels, androgen hormones and increasing levels of acne found in women in fast paced jobs.
尽管痤疮传统上被认为主要影响青少年，但大量文献表明存在一种成人（即青春期后）形式的痤疮。本文综述了关于青春期后痤疮的部分文献，并讨论了可能的病因和治疗选择。最近的流行病学研究表明，青春期后痤疮似乎有所增加，而且该病持续时间更长，需要在四十多岁中期以后进行治疗。有充分的证据表明，与男性更容易出现青春期痤疮最严重形式不同，青春期后痤疮主要影响女性（皮损常位于口周，且发生在月经前），且存在两种疾病类型。术语“持续性”和“迟发性”现在通常被用来描述这两种类型。青春期后痤疮的病因仍有待充分阐明，文献中提出并讨论了激素、耐药菌定植和化妆品使用等因素。此外，从个体对治疗的反应中可能会找到一些青春期后痤疮病因的线索。造成这种疾病增加的一个最有趣的解释可能是，压力水平升高、雄激素水平升高以及快节奏工作女性痤疮水平升高之间的潜在关系。
