Suh D S, Mukai T
Department of Biology, Kyushu University 33, Fukuoka, Japan.
Genetics. 1991 Mar;127(3):545-52. doi: 10.1093/genetics/127.3.545.
Eight hundred second chromosomes were extracted from the Ishigakijima population, one of the southernmost populations of Drosophila melanogaster in Japan. Half of them were extracted in Native cytoplasm (P-type), and half in Foreign cytoplasm (M-type). Various population-genetic parameters, including the frequency of lethal-carrying second chromosomes (Q = 0.235 for the Native; 0.218 for the Foreign), the allelism rate of lethal second chromosome (Ic = 0.0217 for the Native; 0.0134 for the Foreign), the homozygous detrimental and lethal loads (D = 0.179 for the Native; 0.270 for the Foreign; L = 0.262 for the Native; 0.240 for the Foreign), the average degree of dominance of mildly deleterious mutations (ĥE = 0.244 for the Native; 0.208 for the Foreign), and the components of genetic variance for viability [additive (sigma A2) and dominance (sigma D2)](ŝigma A2 = 0.0187 for the Native; 0.0172 for the Foreign; ŝigma D2 = 0.0005 for the Native; 0.0009 for the Foreign) were estimated. The data indicate that D was significantly larger and hE was significantly smaller in the Foreign cytoplasm. However, the estimates of additive and dominance variances were not significantly different between the two cytoplasms. The additive genetic variance for viability in the Ishigakijima population was greater than expected on the basis of mutation-selection balance confirming previous studies on papers of D. melanogaster in warm climates.
从石垣岛果蝇种群（日本最南端的黑腹果蝇种群之一）中提取了800条第二染色体。其中一半在原生细胞质（P型）中提取，另一半在异源细胞质（M型）中提取。估计了各种群体遗传参数，包括携带致死性第二染色体的频率（原生细胞质中Q = 0.235；异源细胞质中Q = 0.218）、致死性第二染色体的等位率（原生细胞质中Ic = 0.0217；异源细胞质中Ic = 0.0134）、纯合有害和致死负荷（原生细胞质中D = 0.179；异源细胞质中D = 0.270；原生细胞质中L = 0.262；异源细胞质中L = 0.240）、轻度有害突变的平均显性程度（原生细胞质中ĥE = 0.244；异源细胞质中ĥE = 0.208）以及生存力的遗传方差成分[加性（sigma A2）和显性（sigma D2）]（原生细胞质中ŝigma A2 = 0.0187；异源细胞质中ŝigma A2 = 0.0172；原生细胞质中ŝigma D2 = 0.0005；异源细胞质中ŝigma D2 = 0.0009）。数据表明，异源细胞质中的D显著更大，而ĥE显著更小。然而，两种细胞质之间加性和显性方差的估计没有显著差异。石垣岛种群中生存力的加性遗传方差大于基于突变-选择平衡预期的值，这证实了之前对温暖气候下黑腹果蝇论文的研究。
