Lien Mei-Ching, Ruthruff Eric, Goodin Zachary, Remington Roger W
Department of Psychology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5303, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2008 Jun;34(3):509-30. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.34.3.509.
Theories of attentional control are divided over whether the capture of spatial attention depends primarily on stimulus salience or is contingent on attentional control settings induced by task demands. The authors addressed this issue using the N2-posterior- contralateral (N2pc) effect, a component of the event-related brain potential thought to reflect attentional allocation. They presented a cue display followed by a target display of 4 letters. Each display contained a green item and a red item. Some participants responded to the red letter and others to the green letter. Converging lines of evidence indicated that attention was captured by the cues with the same color as the target. First, these target-color cues produced a cuing validity effect on behavioral measures. Second, distractors appearing in the cued location produced larger compatibility effects. Third, the target-color cue produced a robust N2pc effect, similar in magnitude to the N2pc effect to the target itself. Furthermore, the target-color cue elicited a similar N2pc effect regardless of whether it competed with a simultaneous abrupt onset. The findings provide converging evidence for attentional capture contingent on top-down control settings.
关于空间注意的捕获主要是取决于刺激显著性还是取决于任务需求所引发的注意控制设置，注意控制理论存在分歧。作者使用N2-后-对侧（N2pc）效应来解决这个问题，N2pc效应是事件相关脑电位的一个成分，被认为反映了注意分配。他们呈现一个提示显示，随后是一个包含4个字母的目标显示。每个显示都包含一个绿色项目和一个红色项目。一些参与者对红色字母做出反应，另一些参与者对绿色字母做出反应。多条证据表明，注意被与目标颜色相同的提示所捕获。首先，这些目标颜色提示对行为测量产生了提示有效性效应。其次，出现在提示位置的干扰物产生了更大的相容性效应。第三，目标颜色提示产生了强大的N2pc效应，其大小与对目标本身的N2pc效应相似。此外，无论目标颜色提示是否与同时出现的突然 onset 竞争，它都会引发类似的N2pc效应。这些发现为基于自上而下控制设置的注意捕获提供了多条证据。
