Tanoue Lynn T
Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2008 Jun;29(3):248-60. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1076745.
Accurate clinical staging is critical in the evaluation of any patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Staging for NSCLC is based on the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) system used for most solid tumors. The clinical stage, as determined by all available clinical, radiographic, and biopsy data, provides patients and physicians with an overall assessment of disease extent and prediction of survival and enables the identification of appropriate therapies. It is thus imperative that staging be performed as accurately and comprehensively as possible while also maintaining efficiency. To do so requires an understanding of the staging system, the clinical clues that drive the staging evaluation, and a working knowledge of available noninvasive and invasive diagnostic modalities.
准确的临床分期对于评估任何非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者都至关重要。NSCLC的分期基于用于大多数实体瘤的肿瘤、淋巴结、转移（TNM）系统。根据所有可用的临床、影像学和活检数据确定的临床分期，为患者和医生提供了疾病范围的总体评估以及生存预测，并有助于确定合适的治疗方法。因此，必须在保持效率的同时尽可能准确和全面地进行分期。要做到这一点，需要了解分期系统、推动分期评估的临床线索以及可用的非侵入性和侵入性诊断方法的实用知识。
