Evolutionary constraints imposed by gene dosage balance.

The gene dosage balance hypothesis states that a concentration imbalance among components of macromolecules is often deleterious. Thus this notion potentially provides a mechanistic explanation for understanding genetic dominance and gene duplicability. Accumulating evidence emerged from recent genomic data has strongly supported this hypothesis. Further efforts are needed to understand dosage sensitivity in the context of organismal complexity and co-regulation of genes under dosage-balance constraints.