Spielman I B, Phillips W D, Porto J V
Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2008 Mar 28;100(12):120402. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.120402. Epub 2008 Mar 26.
We realize a single-band 2D Bose-Hubbard system with Rb atoms in an optical lattice and measure the condensate fraction as a function of lattice depth, crossing from the superfluid to the Mott-insulating phase. We quantitatively identify the location of the superfluid to normal transition by observing when the condensed fraction vanishes. Our measurement agrees with recent quantum Monte Carlo calculations for a finite-sized 2D system to within experimental uncertainty.
我们利用光学晶格中的铷原子实现了一个单带二维玻色-哈伯德系统，并测量了凝聚分数随晶格深度的变化，跨越了从超流相到莫特绝缘相的转变。我们通过观察凝聚分数何时消失来定量确定超流到正常转变的位置。我们的测量结果在实验不确定性范围内与最近针对有限尺寸二维系统的量子蒙特卡罗计算结果相符。
