Davis L A, Zur Nieden N I
Department of Surgery and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, United Kingdom.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2008 Sep;65(17):2658-74. doi: 10.1007/s00018-008-8042-1.
Stem cells are a powerful resource for cell-based transplantation therapies in osteodegenerative disorders, but before some kinds of stem cells can be applied clinically, several aspects of their expansion and differentiation need to be better controlled. Wnt molecules and members of the Wnt signaling cascade have been ascribed a role in both these processes in vitro as well as normal development in vivo. However some results are controversial. In this review we will present the hypothesis that both canonical and non-canonical signaling are involved in mesenchymal cell fate regulation, such as adipogenesis, chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, and that in vitro it is a timely switch between the two that specifies the identity of the differentiating cell. We will specifically focus on the in vitro differentiation of adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts contrasting embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells as well as the role of Wnts in mesenchymal fate specification during embryogenesis.
干细胞是骨退行性疾病中基于细胞的移植治疗的强大资源，但在某些类型的干细胞能够应用于临床之前，其扩增和分化的几个方面需要得到更好的控制。Wnt分子和Wnt信号级联的成员在体外的这些过程以及体内的正常发育中都发挥了作用。然而，一些结果存在争议。在本综述中，我们将提出这样的假说：经典和非经典信号传导都参与间充质细胞命运调控，如脂肪生成、软骨生成和成骨，并且在体外，正是这两者之间的适时转换决定了分化细胞的身份。我们将特别关注脂肪细胞、软骨细胞和成骨细胞的体外分化，对比胚胎干细胞和间充质干细胞，以及Wnts在胚胎发育期间间充质命运特化中的作用。
