Tamada Tsutomu, Siriaroonrat Boripat, Subramaniam Vellayan, Hamachi Masaharu, Lin Liang-Kong, Oshida Tatsuo, Rerkamnuaychoke Worawut, Masuda Ryuichi
Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
Zoolog Sci. 2008 Feb;25(2):154-63. doi: 10.2108/zsj.25.154.
To investigate genetic diversity and phylogeography of the Asian leopard cat (Felis bengalensis), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences were determined for 39 individuals from various areas. Sequences combining the complete cytochrome b gene (1,140 bp) with the partial control region (646-810 bp) were classified into 24 haplotypes: 21 types from 21 animals, one from eight animals from Tsushima Islands, one from eight animals from Iriomote Island, and one from two animals from Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic trees of the 24 haplotypes clearly showed three clades: a Northern Lineage and Southern Lineages 1 and 2. The Northern Lineage consisted of animals from Tsushima Islands, the Korean Peninsula, the continental Far East, Taiwan, and Iriomote Island. Within the Northern Lineage, genetic contacts could have occurred between geographically neighboring populations before isolation by straits. Southern Lineage 1, comprising Southeast Asian animals, showed higher genetic diversity. Southern Lineage 2 had large genetic distances from other lineages. Within the control region, the Asian leopard cats shared two to four repetitive motifs, and the number of motifs and their constitution were highly variable among individuals. The motifs were polymorphic even within individuals and could be classified into 31 types. Finally, males of mtDNA Southern Lineage 1 had either of two types of the Y-chromosomal gene ZFY, whereas all males of Northern Lineage shared only one type. Our results indicate that the diversity of southern populations is higher and that genetic differentiation among northern local populations reflects past geographical isolation.
为了研究亚洲豹猫（豹猫）的遗传多样性和系统地理学，测定了来自不同地区的39个个体的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）序列。将完整的细胞色素b基因（1140bp）与部分控制区（646 - 810bp）相结合的序列分为24个单倍型：21个动物有21种单倍型，对马群岛的8个动物有1种，西表岛的8个动物有1种，东南亚的2个动物有1种。24个单倍型的系统发育树清楚地显示出三个分支：一个北方分支以及南方分支1和2。北方分支由对马群岛、朝鲜半岛、远东大陆、台湾和西表岛的动物组成。在北方分支内，地理上相邻的种群在被海峡隔离之前可能发生了基因交流。南方分支1由东南亚动物组成，显示出更高的遗传多样性。南方分支2与其他分支有较大的遗传距离。在控制区内，亚洲豹猫共有2至4个重复基序，基序的数量及其组成在个体间高度可变。这些基序即使在个体内也是多态的，可分为31种类型。最后，mtDNA南方分支1的雄性有两种Y染色体基因ZFY类型中的一种，而北方分支的所有雄性只共享一种类型。我们的结果表明南方种群的多样性更高，北方当地种群之间的遗传分化反映了过去的地理隔离。
