Guney Mehmet, Ozguner Fehmi, Oral Baha, Karahan Nermin, Mungan Tamer
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2007 Aug;23(7):411-20. doi: 10.1177/0748233707080906.
There are numerous reports on the effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) in various cellular systems. Mechanisms of adverse effects of EMR indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a role in the biological effects of this radiation. The aims of this study were to examine 900 MHz mobile phone-induced oxidative stress that promotes production of ROS and to investigate the role of vitamins E and C, which have antioxidant properties, on endometrial tissue against possible 900 MHz mobile phone-induced endometrial impairment in rats. The animals were randomly grouped (eight each) as follows: 1) Control group (without stress and EMR, Group I), 2) sham-operated rats stayed without exposure to EMR (exposure device off, Group II), 3) rats exposed to 900 MHz EMR (EMR group, Group III) and 4) a 900 MHz EMR exposed + vitamin-treated group (EMR + Vit group, Group IV). A 900 MHz EMR was applied to EMR and EMR + Vit group 30 min/day, for 30 days using an experimental exposure device. Endometrial levels of nitric oxide (NO, an oxidant product) and malondialdehyde (MDA, an index of lipid peroxidation), increased in EMR exposed rats while the combined vitamins E and C caused a significant reduction in the levels of NO and MDA. Likewise, endometrial superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities decreased in EMR exposed animals while vitamins E and C caused a significant increase in the activities of these antioxidant enzymes. In the EMR group histopathologic changes in endometrium, diffuse and severe apoptosis was present in the endometrial surface epithelial and glandular cells and the stromal cells. Diffuse eosinophilic leucocyte and lymphocyte infiltration were observed in the endometrial stroma whereas the combination of vitamins E and C caused a significant decrease in these effects of EMR. It is concluded that oxidative endometrial damage plays an important role in the 900 MHz mobile phone-induced endometrial impairment and the modulation of oxidative stress with vitamins E and C reduces the 900 MHz mobile phone-induced endometrial damage both at biochemical and histological levels.
关于电磁辐射（EMR）在各种细胞系统中的影响已有大量报道。EMR的不良影响机制表明，活性氧（ROS）可能在这种辐射的生物学效应中起作用。本研究的目的是检测900 MHz手机引起的促进ROS产生的氧化应激，并研究具有抗氧化特性的维生素E和C对大鼠子宫内膜组织抵抗可能由900 MHz手机引起的子宫内膜损伤的作用。将动物随机分为以下几组（每组8只）：1）对照组（无应激和EMR，第一组），2）假手术大鼠在不暴露于EMR的情况下饲养（暴露装置关闭，第二组），3）暴露于900 MHz EMR的大鼠（EMR组，第三组）和4）暴露于900 MHz EMR + 维生素治疗组（EMR + Vit组，第四组）。使用实验性暴露装置，对EMR组和EMR + Vit组每天施加30分钟的900 MHz EMR，持续30天。暴露于EMR的大鼠子宫内膜中的一氧化氮（NO，一种氧化产物）和丙二醛（MDA，脂质过氧化指标）水平升高，而维生素E和C联合使用可使NO和MDA水平显著降低。同样，暴露于EMR的动物子宫内膜超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性降低，而维生素E和C可使这些抗氧化酶的活性显著增加。在EMR组中，子宫内膜出现组织病理学变化，子宫内膜表面上皮细胞、腺细胞和基质细胞存在弥漫性严重凋亡。在子宫内膜基质中观察到弥漫性嗜酸性白细胞和淋巴细胞浸润，而维生素E和C联合使用可使EMR的这些影响显著降低。结论是，氧化性子宫内膜损伤在900 MHz手机引起的子宫内膜损伤中起重要作用，维生素E和C对氧化应激的调节在生化和组织学水平上均降低了900 MHz手机引起的子宫内膜损伤。
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