Bell G D
Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol. 1991 Mar;5(1):79-98. doi: 10.1016/0950-3528(91)90007-n.
Over 50% of the complications and 60% of the deaths associated with upper GI endoscopy are cardiopulmonary in type. Oxygen desaturation and cardiac arrhythmias at the time of endoscopy are common. Ways of trying to prevent hypoxia occurring are discussed. The most effective of these is the use of supplemental oxygen. Pulse oximeters are being used increasingly frequently by endoscopists. The way in which oximeters work is described in some depth, as are some of the potential errors that may result from their use. The author believes that, as in anaesthetic practice, pulse oximeters will be used ever more frequently by endoscopists and finally become standard equipment in all endoscopy units. The case for using continuous ECG monitoring and blood pressure measurement is briefly discussed. The ASGE have recently published their recommendations on monitoring patients undergoing GI endoscopic procedures. The BSG's own working party on safety and monitoring is in the process of finalizing its recommendations, and the final part of the chapter discusses the views of this working party and gives some insight into what its final recommendations are likely to be.
上消化道内镜检查相关的并发症中，超过50%以及死亡病例中60%为心肺类并发症。内镜检查时的氧饱和度降低和心律失常很常见。文中讨论了试图预防缺氧发生的方法。其中最有效的是使用补充氧气。内镜医师越来越频繁地使用脉搏血氧仪。本文深入描述了血氧仪的工作方式以及使用过程中可能出现的一些潜在误差。作者认为，如同在麻醉实践中一样，内镜医师将越来越频繁地使用脉搏血氧仪，最终使其成为所有内镜检查科室的标准设备。文中简要讨论了使用连续心电图监测和血压测量的理由。美国胃肠内镜学会（ASGE）最近发布了关于监测接受胃肠内镜检查患者的建议。英国胃肠病学会（BSG）自身的安全与监测工作小组正在敲定其建议，本章最后一部分讨论了该工作小组的观点，并对其最终建议可能的内容提供了一些见解。
