Jordan Margaret A, Baxter Alan G
James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia.
J Autoimmun. 2008 Nov;31(3):237-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2008.04.010. Epub 2008 Jun 11.
The immune repertoire of normal, healthy individuals contains autoreactive T cells and natural antibodies that, under normal conditions, are controlled, either through central tolerance or by the activity of immunoregulatory T cells to prevent the onset of autoimmune diseases. Over the years, several types of immunoregulatory T cells have been identified. These include natural CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T (Treg) cells and type 1 NKT cells, which develop in the thymus, as well as acquired immunoregulatory T cells, such as type 1 cells (Tr1), Th3 cells, Ts cells and anergic CD4 T cells, which all appear to be products of peripheral immune activation. While little is understood about the genetics of most types of immunoregulatory T cell, detailed information on the genetic control of NKT and Treg cells is now available and may contribute significantly to our understanding of the aetiology of autoimmune disease.
正常健康个体的免疫库包含自身反应性T细胞和天然抗体，在正常情况下，它们通过中枢耐受或免疫调节性T细胞的活性得到控制，以防止自身免疫性疾病的发生。多年来，已鉴定出几种类型的免疫调节性T细胞。这些包括在胸腺中发育的天然CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T（Treg）细胞和1型NKT细胞，以及获得性免疫调节性T细胞，如1型细胞（Tr1）、Th3细胞、Ts细胞和无反应性CD4 T细胞，它们似乎都是外周免疫激活的产物。虽然对大多数类型免疫调节性T细胞的遗传学了解甚少，但现在已有关于NKT和Treg细胞遗传控制的详细信息，这可能对我们理解自身免疫性疾病的病因有很大帮助。
