Semmler Henrike, Wanninger Andreas, Høeg Jens T, Scholtz Gerhard
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Biologie/Vergleichende Zoologie, Philippstr. 13, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
Arthropod Struct Dev. 2008 Sep;37(5):383-95. doi: 10.1016/j.asd.2008.01.007. Epub 2008 Feb 15.
The nervous system of nauplii of the crustacean taxon Cirripedia was analysed in the species Balanus improvisus Darwin, 1854 using for the first time immunocytochemical staining against serotonin, RFamide and alpha-tubulin in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy. This approach revealed a circumoesophageal neuropil ring with nerves extending to the first and second antennae and to the mandibles, all features typical for Crustacea. In addition, RFamidergic structures are present in the region of the thoraco-abdomen. A pair of posterior nerves and a pair of lateral nerves run in anterior-posterior direction and are connected by a thoracic nerve ring and a more posteriorly situated commissure. A median nerve is situated along the ventral side of the thoraco-abdomen. The innervation of frontolateral horns and the frontal filaments are alpha-tubulin-positive. Several pairs of large neurons in the protocerebrum, along the circumoesophageal connectives and in the mandibular ganglion stain only for serotonin. Due to the almost complete absence of comparable data on the neuroanatomy of early (naupliar) stages in other Crustacea, we include immunocytochemical data on the larvae of the branchiopod, Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906 in our analysis. We describe several characteristic neurons in the brains of the nauplius larvae of both species which are also found in decapod larvae and in adult brains of other crustaceans. Furthermore, our data reveal that the naupliar brain of cirripedes is more complex than the adult brain. It is concluded that this ontogenetic brain reduction is related to the sessile life style of adult Cirripedia.
利用针对血清素、RF酰胺和α-微管蛋白的免疫细胞化学染色，并结合共聚焦激光扫描显微镜，首次对甲壳纲蔓足亚纲物种1854年达尔文发现的意外藤壶无节幼体的神经系统进行了分析。这种方法揭示了一个围绕食管的神经纤维环，有神经延伸到第一和第二触角以及上颚，所有这些特征都是甲壳纲动物的典型特征。此外，RF酰胺能结构存在于胸腹区域。一对后神经和一对侧神经沿前后方向延伸，并通过一个胸神经环和一个更靠后的连合连接。一条正中神经位于胸腹的腹侧。额外侧角和额丝的神经支配是α-微管蛋白阳性。原脑、沿食管连接体和下颌神经节中的几对大神经元仅对血清素染色。由于几乎完全缺乏其他甲壳纲动物早期（无节幼体）阶段神经解剖学的可比数据，我们在分析中纳入了鳃足纲卤虫1906年凯洛格发现的卤虫幼体的免疫细胞化学数据。我们描述了这两个物种无节幼体大脑中的几个特征性神经元，这些神经元在十足目幼体和其他甲壳纲动物的成体大脑中也能找到。此外，我们的数据表明，蔓足亚纲动物的无节幼体大脑比成体大脑更复杂。得出的结论是，这种个体发育过程中的大脑简化与成年蔓足亚纲动物的固着生活方式有关。
