Vlasáková Blanka, Kalinová Blanka, Gustafsson Mats H G, Teichert Holger
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Ann Bot. 2008 Sep;102(3):295-304. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcn092. Epub 2008 Jun 20.
A report is made on a new species of Clusia related to C. sellowiana that dominates the vegetation of the Nouragues inselberg in French Guiana. The focus is on the pollination biology and on the remarkable relationship of this plant species to Amazonina platystylata, its cockroach pollinator. This appears to be only the second record of pollination by cockroaches.
Pollination ecology was investigated by combining morphological studies, field observations and additional experiments. Floral scent was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The role of acetoin, the major component of the scent of this species of Clusia, in attracting pollinators was examined in field attraction experiments. The ability of cockroaches to perceive acetoin was investigated by electroantennography (EAG).
The Clusia species studied produces seeds only sexually. Its nocturnal flowers are visited by crickets, ants, moths and cockroaches. A species of cockroach, Amazonina platystylata, is the principal pollinator. The reward for the visit is a liquid secretion produced by tissues at the floral apex and at the base of the ovary. Although the cockroaches have no structures specialized for pollen collection, their body surface is rough enough to retain pollen grains. The cockroaches show significant EAG reactions to floral volatiles and acetoin, suggesting that the floral scent is a factor involved in attracting the cockroaches to the flowers.
The results suggest that the plant-cockroach interaction may be quite specialized and the plant has probably evolved a specific strategy to attract and reward its cockroach pollinators. Acetoin is a substance involved in the chemical communication of several other cockroach species and it seems plausible that the plant exploits the sensitivity of cockroaches to this compound to attract them to the flowers as part of the pollination syndrome of this species.
报道了一种与西洛西亚藤黄（Clusia sellowiana）相关的藤黄属新物种，该物种在法属圭亚那的努拉格孤峰植被中占主导地位。重点关注其传粉生物学以及该植物物种与亚马逊扁尾蜚蠊（Amazonina platystylata）（其蟑螂传粉者）之间的显著关系。这似乎是蟑螂传粉的第二例记录。
通过结合形态学研究、野外观察和额外实验来研究传粉生态学。采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术分析花香。在野外吸引实验中检验了该藤黄属物种花香的主要成分乙偶姻在吸引传粉者方面的作用。通过触角电位图（EAG）研究蟑螂感知乙偶姻的能力。
所研究的藤黄属物种仅通过有性生殖产生种子。其夜间开放的花朵会有蟋蟀、蚂蚁、飞蛾和蟑螂光顾。一种蟑螂，即亚马逊扁尾蜚蠊，是主要传粉者。访花的回报是花顶端和子房基部组织产生的液体分泌物。尽管蟑螂没有专门用于收集花粉的结构，但其体表足够粗糙以留住花粉粒。蟑螂对花香挥发物和乙偶姻表现出显著的触角电位反应，表明花香是吸引蟑螂到花上的一个因素。
结果表明植物与蟑螂的相互作用可能相当特殊，并且该植物可能已经进化出一种特定策略来吸引和回报其蟑螂传粉者。乙偶姻是其他几种蟑螂物种化学通讯中涉及的一种物质，植物利用蟑螂对这种化合物的敏感性将它们吸引到花上，作为该物种传粉综合征的一部分，这似乎是合理的。
