Effects of 5-HT drugs in prefrontal cortex during memory formation and the ketamine amnesia-model.

This article describes a series of experiments investigating the effects of systemic or intraprefrontal administration of serotonergic agents on ketamine induced memory deficits in rats. First, rats were trained on an operant autoshaping task. Immediately after training, rats were injected with different doses of drug or saline. Following drug administration, rats were tested after 1.5 h for short-term memory (STM) and 24 h for long-term memory (LTM) of conditioned response. An increase or decrease in number of conditioned responses was an index of retention. The major results of this work show that ketamine impaired STM and this effect was reversed, by either systemic or intraprefrontal cortex administration of the agonist 5-HT(1A/7) 8-OH-DPAT, the 5-HT receptor antagonists MDL100907 (5-HT(2A)), SB-399885 (5-HT(6)), and SB-269970 (5-HT(7)). The ketamine STM-impairment effect was not altered by the 5-HT(1A) antagonist WAY 100635 or the 5-HT(1B) antagonist SB-224289. Notably, prefrontal cortex inhibition of translation or transcription interrupted STM without affecting LTM suggesting different signaling mechanisms. The interacting effect of NMDA and serotonin agents in memory function is an interesting and important area of study; both receptors are considered to be important targets for the development of antipsychotic medication. Particularly, 5-HT(1A/7), 5-HT(2A) 5-HT(6), and 5-HT(7) receptors present in prefrontal cortex, represent important targets for development of drugs for the treatment of SMT-deficits.