Taylor R, Jalaludin B, Levy S, Montaville B, Gee K, Sladden T
Department of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW.
Med J Aust. 1991 Jul 15;155(2):86-90. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb142133.x.
To determine the prevalence of non-communicable disease, specifically hypertension, diabetes and obesity, amongst populations at different levels of urbanisation in Vanuatu, and to relate the frequency of these conditions to the modernisation of way of life.
A cross-sectional population-based comparative study of indicative cluster samples.
Republic of Vanuatu (south-west Pacific). A relatively undeveloped malarious island country.
Adult (aged greater than or equal to 20 years) Melanesian ni-Vanuatu of both sexes. An occupation-based (civil servants) urban sample (n = 623) and area-based semi-rural (n = 349) and rural (n = 397) samples were employed. Response rates were 78%-92%.
Cases detected were referred for assessment and treatment by local medical staff.
Body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness, blood pressure, plasma glucose (fasting and 2 hours after 75 g glucose), plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Modernity scores confirmed that the three locations represented different levels of acculturation. Prevalences of non-communicable disease were relatively low compared to other Pacific Island communities and industrialised countries. These conditions were nevertheless more common in the urban sample and least common in the rural sample. Non-communicable disease correlated positively with modernity scores and negatively with physical activity scores. Obesity correlated with blood pressure in the urban sample, and there was indirect evidence (urine sodium concentration) of higher salt intake with modernisation. Mean plasma cholesterol levels were lowest in the rural group.
Prevalences of non-communicable disease are relatively low in Vanuatu, although rural-urban differentials are present, and likely to increase with continued development. The evidence presented is consistent with non-communicable disease being related to the modernisation of way of life; specifically: decreased exercise, obesity, and dietary change. Preventive activities should commence now.
确定瓦努阿图不同城市化水平人群中非传染性疾病，特别是高血压、糖尿病和肥胖症的患病率，并将这些疾病的发生频率与生活方式的现代化联系起来。
基于人群的指示性整群样本横断面比较研究。
瓦努阿图共和国（西南太平洋）。一个相对不发达的疟疾流行岛国。
年龄大于或等于20岁的成年美拉尼西亚族瓦努阿图男女。采用了基于职业（公务员）的城市样本（n = 623）以及基于区域的半农村样本（n = 349）和农村样本（n = 397）。应答率为78% - 92%。
对检测出的病例转介给当地医务人员进行评估和治疗。
体重指数、肱三头肌皮褶厚度、血压、血浆葡萄糖（空腹及75克葡萄糖负荷后2小时）、血浆胆固醇和甘油三酯水平。
现代性评分证实这三个地点代表了不同的文化适应水平。与其他太平洋岛屿社区和工业化国家相比，非传染性疾病的患病率相对较低。然而，这些疾病在城市样本中更为常见，在农村样本中最不常见。非传染性疾病与现代性评分呈正相关，与身体活动评分呈负相关。在城市样本中，肥胖与血压相关，并且有间接证据（尿钠浓度）表明随着现代化进程盐摄入量增加。农村组的平均血浆胆固醇水平最低。
瓦努阿图非传染性疾病的患病率相对较低，尽管存在城乡差异，并且随着持续发展可能会增加。所提供的证据表明非传染性疾病与生活方式的现代化有关；具体而言：运动减少、肥胖和饮食变化。预防性活动应立即开展。
