Otoniel Buenrostro Delgado, Liliana Márquez-Benavides, Francelia Pinette Gaona
Instituto De Investigaciones Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana De San Nicolás De Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzicuaro S/N, Col. San Juanito Itzicuaro, C.P. 58330, Morelia-Aeropuerto, Michoacan, Mexico.
Waste Manag. 2008;28 Suppl 1:S2-6. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.03.019. Epub 2008 Jun 24.
Mexico is currently facing a crisis in the waste management field. Some efforts have just commenced in urban and in rural settlements, e.g., conversion of open dumps into landfills, a relatively small composting culture, and implementation of source separation and plastic recycling strategies. Nonetheless, the high heterogeneity of components in the waste, many of these with hazardous properties, present the municipal collection services with serious problems, due to the risks to the health of the workers and to the impacts to the environment as a result of the inadequate disposition of these wastes. A generation study in the domestic sector was undertaken with the aim of finding out the composition and the generation rate of household hazardous waste (HHW) produced at residences. Simultaneously to the generation study, a socioeconomic survey was applied to determine the influence of income level on the production of HHW. Results from the solid waste generation analysis indicated that approximately 1.6% of the waste stream consists of HHW. Correspondingly, it was estimated that in Morelia, a total amount of 442ton/day of domestic waste are produced, including 7.1ton of HHW per day. Furthermore, the overall amount of HHW is not directly related to income level, although particular byproducts do correlate. However, an important difference was observed, as the brands and the presentation sizes of goods and products used in each socioeconomic stratum varied.
墨西哥目前正面临着废物管理领域的危机。城市和农村地区刚刚开始采取一些措施,例如将露天垃圾场改造成垃圾填埋场、规模相对较小的堆肥利用,以及实施源头分类和塑料回收战略。尽管如此,由于废物成分高度异质,其中许多具有危险性,这给市政收集服务带来了严重问题,因为这些废物处置不当会对工人健康造成风险,并对环境产生影响。为了弄清楚居民家庭产生的危险废物(HHW)的成分和产生率,对家庭部门进行了一项产生量研究。在进行产生量研究的同时,还开展了一项社会经济调查,以确定收入水平对家庭危险废物产生的影响。固体废物产生量分析结果表明,大约1.6%的废物流由家庭危险废物组成。相应地,据估计,在莫雷利亚,每天产生的生活垃圾总量为442吨,其中包括7.1吨家庭危险废物。此外,家庭危险废物的总量与收入水平没有直接关系,尽管某些特定的副产品确实存在相关性。然而,观察到一个重要差异,即每个社会经济阶层使用的商品和产品的品牌及包装尺寸各不相同。