Napier Jaime L, Jost John T
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003-6634, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2008 Jun;19(6):565-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02124.x.
In this research, we drew on system-justification theory and the notion that conservative ideology serves a palliative function to explain why conservatives are happier than liberals. Specifically, in three studies using nationally representative data from the United States and nine additional countries, we found that right-wing (vs. left-wing) orientation is indeed associated with greater subjective well-being and that the relation between political orientation and subjective well-being is mediated by the rationalization of inequality. In our third study, we found that increasing economic inequality (as measured by the Gini index) from 1974 to 2004 has exacerbated the happiness gap between liberals and conservatives, apparently because conservatives (more than liberals) possess an ideological buffer against the negative hedonic effects of economic inequality.
在本研究中,我们借鉴了系统正当化理论以及保守主义意识形态具有缓和作用这一观点,来解释为何保守派比自由派更幸福。具体而言,在三项研究中,我们使用了来自美国和其他九个国家的具有全国代表性的数据,发现右翼(相对于左翼)倾向确实与更高的主观幸福感相关,并且政治倾向与主观幸福感之间的关系是由不平等的合理化所介导的。在我们的第三项研究中,我们发现1974年至2004年间经济不平等加剧(以基尼系数衡量)加剧了自由派和保守派之间的幸福差距,显然是因为保守派(比自由派更甚)拥有一种意识形态缓冲,以抵御经济不平等带来的负面享乐效应。