Manothaiudom K, Johnston S D
Department of Clinical and Population Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1991 May;21(3):509-21. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(91)50057-7.
The most common causes of vaginal/vestibular masses in the bitch are vaginal prolapse, vaginal neoplasia, and urethral neoplasia protruding into the vaginal vault. Other possible causes are clitoral enlargement, vaginal polyps, uterine prolapse, and vaginal abscessation or hematoma. Vaginal prolapse usually can be distinguished from neoplasia by the age of the patient, the time of occurrence during the estrous cycle, and the site of origin of the mass. Prolapse usually occurs in bitches under 4 years of age during proestrus, estrus, or at the end of diestrus and usually arises from the floor of the vagina, except for urethral tumors that protrude from the external urethral orifice. Appropriate diagnostic workup of bitches with vaginal vestibular masses includes complete history and physical examination, vaginal cytologic and vaginoscopic examination, retrograde vaginography or urethrocystography, serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations, and, in the case of suspect neoplasms, surgical or excision biopsy of the mass.
母犬阴道/前庭肿物最常见的病因是阴道脱垂、阴道肿瘤以及突入阴道穹窿的尿道肿瘤。其他可能的病因包括阴蒂增大、阴道息肉、子宫脱垂以及阴道脓肿或血肿。阴道脱垂通常可根据患犬年龄、发情周期中的发病时间以及肿物的起源部位与肿瘤相鉴别。脱垂通常发生于4岁以下处于发情前期、发情期或发情后期末的母犬，通常起源于阴道底部，但从尿道外口突出的尿道肿瘤除外。对患有阴道前庭肿物的母犬进行适当的诊断性检查包括完整的病史和体格检查、阴道细胞学和阴道镜检查、逆行阴道造影或尿道膀胱造影、血清孕酮和雌二醇浓度检测，对于疑似肿瘤的病例，还需对肿物进行手术切除活检。
