Cardello R J, San K Y
Department of Chemical Engineering, Rice University, PO Box 1892, Houston, Texas 77251, USA.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 1988 Aug 5;32(4):519-26. doi: 10.1002/bit.260320415.
The implementation of control algorithms to batch bioreactors is often complicated by variations in process dynamics that occur during the course of fermentation. Such a wide operating range often renders the performance of fixed gain proportional-integral-differential (PID) controllers unsatisfactory. In this work, detailed studies on the control of batch fermentations are per formed. Two simple controller designs are presented with the intent to compensate for changing process dynamics. One design incorporates the concepts of static feedforward-feedback control. While this technique produces tighter control than feedback alone, it is not as successful as a controller based on gain scheduling. The gain-scheduling controller, a subclass of adaptive controllers, uses the oxygen uptake rate as an auxiliary variable to fine-tune the PID controller parameters. The control of oxygen tension in the bioreactor is used as a vehicle to convey the proposed ideas, analyses, and results. Simulation experiments indicate significant improvement in controller performance can be achieved by both of the proposed approaches even in the presence of measurement noise.
在分批式生物反应器中实施控制算法，常常会因发酵过程中出现的过程动态变化而变得复杂。如此宽广的操作范围往往会使固定增益比例积分微分（PID）控制器的性能不尽人意。在这项工作中，对分批发酵的控制进行了详细研究。提出了两种简单的控制器设计方案，旨在补偿不断变化的过程动态。一种设计融入了静态前馈-反馈控制的概念。虽然这种技术比单独的反馈控制能产生更严格的控制，但它不如基于增益调度的控制器成功。增益调度控制器是自适应控制器的一个子类，它使用氧摄取率作为辅助变量来微调PID控制器参数。以生物反应器中氧张力的控制作为载体来阐述所提出的思路、分析和结果。仿真实验表明，即使存在测量噪声，所提出的两种方法都能显著提高控制器性能。
