Cooper Arnold M
J Am Acad Psychoanal Dyn Psychiatry. 2008 Summer;36(2):235-53. doi: 10.1521/jaap.2008.36.2.235.
American psychoanalysis, Freudian in origin, has recently developed in multiple directions among different groups in the current theoretical and clinical pluralistic atmosphere. The history of the effort to exclude new ideas is briefly reviewed. A survey of a group of leading analysts representing a variety of schools reveals a plethora of newer ideas, some areas of consensus, and broad areas of disagreement concerning the meaning and value of the ideas that dominate our current discourse. While we welcome the "pluralism" that has partially replaced the "rejectionist" policy of only a few decades ago, our contemporary pluralism is, to a surprising degree, a multiplicity of authoritarian orthodoxies, each derived from a particular thinker, rather than a scientific discourse. After a discussion of some aspects of the philosophy of science, the author suggests a controversial, but possible consensus view of American psychoanalysis today. The need for the creation of a psychoanalytic research effort, focused on efficacy, is emphasized.
起源于弗洛伊德学说的美国精神分析，在当前理论和临床多元的氛围中，近期在不同群体中朝着多个方向发展。本文简要回顾了排除新思想的努力历程。对代表各种流派的一批顶尖分析师进行的调查显示，存在大量更新的思想、一些共识领域，以及在主导我们当前论述的思想的意义和价值方面的广泛分歧领域。虽然我们欢迎部分取代了几十年前“排斥主义”政策的“多元主义”，但我们当代的多元主义在令人惊讶的程度上是多种独裁正统观念，每种都源自特定思想家，而非科学论述。在讨论了科学哲学的一些方面后，作者提出了一种关于当今美国精神分析的有争议但可能达成共识的观点。强调了创建专注于疗效的精神分析研究工作的必要性。
