Ruscello Dennis M
West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505-6122, USA.
Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2008 Jul;39(3):380-91. doi: 10.1044/0161-1461(2008/036).
This article examines nonspeech oral motor treatments (NSOMTs) in the population of clients with developmental speech sound disorders. NSOMTs are a collection of nonspeech methods and procedures that claim to influence tongue, lip, and jaw resting postures; increase strength; improve muscle tone; facilitate range of motion; and develop muscle control. In the case of developmental speech sound disorders, NSOMTs are employed before or simultaneous with actual speech production treatment.
First, NSOMTs are defined for the reader, and there is a discussion of NSOMTs under the categories of active muscle exercise, passive muscle exercise, and sensory stimulation. Second, different theories underlying NSOMTs along with the implications of the theories are discussed. Finally, a review of pertinent investigations is presented.
The application of NSOMTs is questionable due to a number of reservations that include (a) the implied cause of developmental speech sound disorders, (b) neurophysiologic differences between the limbs and oral musculature, (c) the development of new theories of movement and movement control, and (d) the paucity of research literature concerning NSOMTs.
There is no substantive evidence to support NSOMTs as interventions for children with developmental speech sound disorders.
本文探讨发育性语音障碍患者群体中的非言语口腔运动治疗（NSOMTs）。NSOMTs是一系列非言语方法和程序，声称可影响舌、唇和下颌的静止姿势；增强力量；改善肌张力；促进运动范围；并发展肌肉控制能力。对于发育性语音障碍患者，NSOMTs在实际语音产生治疗之前或同时使用。
首先，为读者定义NSOMTs，并在主动肌肉锻炼、被动肌肉锻炼和感觉刺激等类别下讨论NSOMTs。其次，讨论NSOMTs背后的不同理论及其理论含义。最后，对相关研究进行综述。
由于一些保留意见，NSOMTs的应用存在疑问，这些保留意见包括：（a）发育性语音障碍的隐含原因；（b）四肢与口腔肌肉组织之间的神经生理差异；（c）运动和运动控制新理论的发展；（d）关于NSOMTs的研究文献匮乏。
没有实质性证据支持将NSOMTs作为发育性语音障碍儿童的干预措施。
