McGillivray J A, Baker K L
School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Medicine, Nursing and Behavioural Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Atten Disord. 2009 May;12(6):525-31. doi: 10.1177/1087054708320438. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
ADHD and learning disabilities (LD) frequently coexist and there are indications that comorbidity may increase the risk of psychopathology.
The current study examined the gender distribution and frequency of comorbidity and its impact on the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety, depression, and aggression in a clinic sample of 80 adults with ADHD, aged 18 to 58 years. More individuals were diagnosed with ADHD+LD than ADHD only, with no difference in this distribution according to gender.
A factorial multivariate analysis of variance indicated that females with ADHD+LD displayed more cognitive depression than females with ADHD only and than males with ADHD+LD and ADHD only. However,individuals with ADHD only and individuals with ADHD+LD did not differ on overall anxiety, depression or aggression. Likewise, males and females did not differ on measures of psychopathology.
This study lays the foundation for continued research into the characteristics and comorbidities of adults with ADHD.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与学习障碍（LD）经常并存，有迹象表明共病可能会增加精神病理学风险。
本研究调查了80名年龄在18至58岁的成人ADHD门诊样本中共病的性别分布、频率及其对焦虑、抑郁和攻击症状患病率的影响。被诊断为ADHD+LD的个体比仅患有ADHD的个体更多，且这种分布在性别上没有差异。
析因多变量方差分析表明，患有ADHD+LD的女性比仅患有ADHD的女性以及患有ADHD+LD和仅患有ADHD的男性表现出更多的认知性抑郁。然而，仅患有ADHD的个体和患有ADHD+LD的个体在总体焦虑、抑郁或攻击性方面没有差异。同样，男性和女性在精神病理学测量方面也没有差异。
本研究为继续研究成人ADHD的特征和共病奠定了基础。
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