Tala-Heikkila M, Nurmela T, Tala E, Tuominen J
Department of Paediatrics, University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):57-9.
To evaluate the need for the BCG revaccination programme of schoolchildren in Finland.
Investigating tuberculin sensitivity using the standard WHO Mantoux test and developing a model to estimate the risk of discontinuation, assuming that the annual incidence of tuberculosis within ten years after revaccination will remain at its present level; that the revaccination rate will be 2, 6 or 20%; and that the degree of protection will be 10, 20, 40 or 80%.
Urban and rural schoolchildren--3,346 vaccinated with Copenhagen and 655 with Glaxo BCG vaccine at birth.
The annual incidence of tuberculosis was 4.2 per 100,000 in the age-group 15-24 years. BCG revaccination was given formerly to 20% of the age cohort but nowadays only 6% or 2% meet the criteria after receiving either Copenhagen or Glaxo BCG at birth. After discontinuation the expected increase of tuberculosis in the age-group 15-24 years is predicted to fall within the limits of 0.1-24 cases per year. If 2% are left without revaccination the increase will be 0.1-2.4 cases.
Due to the low annual incidence of tuberculosis in adolescents and to the small risk of increase the BCG revaccination programme has been discontinued from 1990 onwards.
评估芬兰学童卡介苗复种计划的必要性。
采用世界卫生组织标准曼托试验调查结核菌素敏感性，并建立一个模型来估计复种中断的风险，假设复种后十年内结核病的年发病率将维持在当前水平；复种率分别为2%、6%或20%；保护程度分别为10%、20%、40%或80%。
城乡学童——3346名出生时接种哥本哈根卡介苗，655名接种葛兰素史克卡介苗。
15 - 24岁年龄组的结核病年发病率为每10万人4.2例。以前该年龄队列中有20%接受过卡介苗复种，但如今出生时接种哥本哈根或葛兰素史克卡介苗后，只有6%或2%符合复种标准。复种中断后，预计15 - 24岁年龄组结核病增加的病例数每年将在0.1 - 24例之间。如果有2%的人未进行复种，增加的病例数将为0.1 - 2.4例。
由于青少年结核病年发病率较低，且增加的风险较小，自1990年起已停止卡介苗复种计划。
