Murchie Scott L, Watters Thomas R, Robinson Mark S, Head James W, Strom Robert G, Chapman Clark R, Solomon Sean C, McClintock William E, Prockter Louise M, Domingue Deborah L, Blewett David T
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
Science. 2008 Jul 4;321(5885):73-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1159261.
The Caloris basin, the youngest known large impact basin on Mercury, is revealed in MESSENGER images to be modified by volcanism and deformation in a manner distinct from that of lunar impact basins. The morphology and spatial distribution of basin materials themselves closely match lunar counterparts. Evidence for a volcanic origin of the basin's interior plains includes embayed craters on the basin floor and diffuse deposits surrounding rimless depressions interpreted to be of pyroclastic origin. Unlike lunar maria, the volcanic plains in Caloris are higher in albedo than surrounding basin materials and lack spectral evidence for ferrous iron-bearing silicates. Tectonic landforms, contractional wrinkle ridges and extensional troughs, have distributions and age relations different from their counterparts in and around lunar basins, indicating a different stress history.
卡洛里斯盆地是水星上已知最年轻的大型撞击盆地，信使号探测器传回的图像显示，该盆地受到了火山活动和变形的影响，其方式与月球撞击盆地不同。盆地物质本身的形态和空间分布与月球上的对应物极为相似。盆地内部平原具有火山成因的证据包括盆底的隐没环形山，以及环绕无边缘洼地的弥漫性沉积物，这些洼地被认为是火山碎屑成因。与月海不同，卡洛里斯盆地的火山平原反照率高于周围的盆地物质，并且缺乏含铁硅酸盐的光谱证据。构造地貌，即收缩性皱纹脊和伸展性凹槽，其分布和年代关系与月球盆地及其周边地区的构造地貌不同，这表明其应力历史也有所不同。
