Barnas M V, Pollina L, Cummings E M
Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6040.
Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1991 May;117(2):175-202.
Relations between the quality of adult women's attachments, their well-being, and their strategies for coping with stress were explored. In Study 1, we examined elderly women's (65-87 years of age) attachments to their adult children. No main effect differences were found, but extreme score analyses revealed that women with insecure attachments more often evidenced relatively extreme negative scores on measures of social, psychological, and physical well-being and reported using more strategies in coping with stress. In Study 2, we examined the quality of attachments of young adult (mean age = 20 years) and mature women (mean age = 38 years), respectively, to their closest attachment figure. Again, few main effects were found but extreme score analyses revealed that insecurely attached women more often scored in the clinical range on depression and reported more responses in coping with stress. Further friends independently reported more anxiety among insecurely attached women.
本研究探讨了成年女性的依恋质量、幸福感及其应对压力策略之间的关系。在研究1中,我们考察了老年女性(65至87岁)与成年子女之间的依恋关系。未发现主效应差异,但极端分数分析显示,依恋不安全的女性在社会、心理和生理幸福感测量中更常出现相对极端的负面分数,并且报告在应对压力时使用了更多策略。在研究2中,我们分别考察了年轻成年女性(平均年龄 = 20岁)和成熟女性(平均年龄 = 38岁)与最亲密依恋对象之间的依恋质量。同样,未发现显著的主效应,但极端分数分析显示,依恋不安全的女性在抑郁方面更常处于临床范围,并且在应对压力时报告了更多反应。此外,朋友独立报告称,依恋不安全的女性中焦虑情绪更多。