南非开普敦男男性行为艾滋病毒阳性者所经历的耻辱和歧视

Stigma and discrimination experiences of HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Cape Town, South Africa.

作者信息

Cloete A, Simbayi L C, Kalichman S C, Strebel A, Henda N

机构信息

Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa, Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health, Cape Town, South Africa.

出版信息

AIDS Care. 2008 Oct;20(9):1105-10. doi: 10.1080/09540120701842720.

Abstract

Since the primary mode of HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa is heterosexual, research focusing on the sexual behaviour of men who have sex with men (MSM) is scant. Currently it is unknown how many people living with HIV in South Africa are MSM and there is even less known about the stigmatisation and discrimination of HIV-positive MSM. The current study examined the stigma and discrimination experiences of MSM living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Anonymous venue-based surveys were collected from 92 HIV-positive MSM and 330 HIV-positive men who only reported sex with women (MSW). Internalised stigma was high among all HIV-positive men who took part in the survey, with 56% of men reporting that they concealed their HIV status from others. HIV-positive MSM reported experiencing greater social isolation and discrimination resulting from being HIV-positive, including loss of housing or employment due to their HIV status, however these differences were not significant. Mental health interventions, as well as structural changes for protection against discrimination, are needed for HIV-positive South African MSM.

摘要

由于撒哈拉以南非洲地区艾滋病毒的主要传播方式是异性传播,因此针对男男性行为者(MSM)性行为的研究很少。目前尚不清楚南非有多少艾滋病毒感染者是男男性行为者,对于艾滋病毒呈阳性的男男性行为者所遭受的污名化和歧视更是知之甚少。当前的研究调查了南非感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的男男性行为者的污名化和歧视经历。通过匿名方式,对92名艾滋病毒呈阳性的男男性行为者以及330名仅与女性发生性行为的艾滋病毒呈阳性男性(MSW)进行了基于场所的调查。参与调查的所有艾滋病毒呈阳性男性的内化污名程度都很高,56%的男性报告称他们向他人隐瞒了自己的艾滋病毒感染状况。艾滋病毒呈阳性的男男性行为者报告称,因感染艾滋病毒而遭受了更大的社会隔离和歧视,包括因艾滋病毒感染状况而失去住房或工作,然而这些差异并不显著。南非艾滋病毒呈阳性的男男性行为者需要心理健康干预以及防止歧视方面的结构性变革。

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