Food Group, AFSD, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2009 Mar;60(2):119-29. doi: 10.1080/09637480701614121.
Tomatoes are an important source of antioxidant compounds, such as lycopene, phenolics and ascorbic acid. The main objective of this study was to determine the accessibility (availability for absorption) of the antioxidant compounds (total phenolics, total flavonoids, lycopene, ascorbic acid) and the antioxidant activity in fresh tomatoes of three cultivars (Excell, Tradiro and Flavourine) grown in New Zealand. The tomatoes were subjected to an in vitro digestion method, in which the pH, temperature, enzymes and chemical conditions were maintained according to human gastrointestinal conditions. The results showed that a high amount of the total phenolics and total flavonoids (71-77%) were released from tomatoes during digestion. However, only 3.2-4.5% of the total lycopene was released. No ascorbic acid could be detected after completion of in vitro digestion, probably due to degradation. After completion of digestion, the in vitro digestion extracts were found to have 45-50% antioxidant activity compared with the total antioxidant activity of fresh tomatoes (as measured by the 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt radical decolourization assay). This study shows that the antioxidant components of tomatoes were affected by the in vitro digestion conditions depending on the type of compound. This in vitro digestion method gives an estimate of the release of antioxidant components in tomato, which may predict their in vivo behaviour.
番茄是抗氧化化合物（如番茄红素、酚类和抗坏血酸）的重要来源。本研究的主要目的是确定新西兰种植的三种番茄（ Excell、Tradiro 和 Flavourine）中抗氧化化合物（总酚类、总类黄酮、番茄红素、抗坏血酸）的可及性（吸收的可用性）和抗氧化活性。番茄经过体外消化法处理，其中 pH 值、温度、酶和化学条件根据人体胃肠道条件保持不变。结果表明，在消化过程中，大量的总酚类和总类黄酮（71-77%）从番茄中释放出来。然而，只有 3.2-4.5%的总番茄红素被释放。体外消化完成后，可能由于降解，无法检测到抗坏血酸。消化完成后，体外消化提取物的抗氧化活性与新鲜番茄的总抗氧化活性（通过 2,2'-联氮双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐自由基褪色测定法测定）相比，具有 45-50%。本研究表明，番茄中的抗氧化成分受到体外消化条件的影响，具体取决于化合物的类型。这种体外消化方法可以估计番茄中抗氧化成分的释放，这可能预测它们的体内行为。
