Levine D Z
Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing.
Postgrad Med. 1991 Aug;90(2):175-8, 183-5. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1991.11701015.
The pathogenesis of reflex sympathetic dystrophy is controversial, but the condition can result from a major or seemingly minor injury to a limb, or even an insult to an organ, such as stroke or myocardial infarction. Onset can be sudden or insidious. The syndrome is characterized primarily by localized, deep, burning pain in a limb--pain that may not follow any logical distribution. Nonpitting edema, skin hyperesthesia, and guarding of the limb usually accompany the pain. If treatment is not instituted, deformity, contracture, and wasting of the limb can eventually occur. With appropriate therapy, the process can be stopped and often reversed. The keys are a high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, and aggressive treatment.
反射性交感神经营养不良的发病机制存在争议，但这种病症可由肢体受到的重大损伤或看似轻微的损伤引发，甚至可由对某个器官的损害导致，比如中风或心肌梗死。发病可能突然，也可能隐匿。该综合征主要表现为肢体局部的深部灼痛，这种疼痛可能不遵循任何逻辑分布规律。疼痛通常伴有非凹陷性水肿、皮肤感觉过敏以及肢体的保护性动作。若不进行治疗，肢体最终可能会出现畸形、挛缩和萎缩。通过适当的治疗，病情可以得到控制，而且常常能够逆转。关键在于高度的怀疑指数、早期诊断以及积极治疗。
