利什曼原虫与白蛉的相互作用：进展与挑战
Leishmania sand fly interaction: progress and challenges.
作者信息
Bates Paul A
机构信息
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK.
出版信息
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2008 Aug;11(4):340-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2008.06.003. Epub 2008 Jul 25.
Abstract
Complex interactions occurs between Leishmania parasites and their sand fly vectors. Promastigotes of Leishmania live exclusively within the gut, possess flagella and are motile, and kinesins, kinases and G proteins have been described that play a role in regulating flagellar assembly. Movement within the gut is not random: promastigotes can detect gradients of solutes via chemotaxis and osmotaxis. Further they use their flagella to attach to the fly midgut using surface glyconconjugates, a key step in establishment of the infection. Differentiation of mammal-infective stages is characterised by significant biochemical and cellular remodelling. Further, the parasites can manipulate the behaviour of the vector to maximise their transmission, and flies may even deliver altruistic apoptotic forms to aid transmission of infective stages.
摘要
利什曼原虫寄生虫与其沙蝇载体之间存在复杂的相互作用。利什曼原虫的前鞭毛体仅生活在肠道内，具有鞭毛且能运动，并且已经描述了驱动蛋白、激酶和G蛋白在调节鞭毛组装中发挥作用。在前肠内的移动并非随机：前鞭毛体可以通过趋化性和渗透感受检测溶质梯度。此外，它们利用鞭毛通过表面糖缀合物附着在蝇类中肠上，这是建立感染的关键步骤。哺乳动物感染阶段的分化以显著的生化和细胞重塑为特征。此外，寄生虫可以操纵载体的行为以最大限度地提高其传播，而沙蝇甚至可能释放利他性凋亡形式以帮助感染阶段的传播。
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