Yard Ellen E, Schroeder Matthew J, Fields Sarah K, Collins Christy L, Comstock R Dawn
Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2008 Oct;36(10):1930-7. doi: 10.1177/0363546508318047. Epub 2008 Jul 15.
BACKGROUND: United States high school soccer participation increased 5 fold over the last 30 years. With increased participation comes increased injury incidence. HYPOTHESIS: High school soccer injury patterns will vary by gender and type of exposure. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiologic study. METHODS: Soccer-related injury data were collected over the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 school years from 100 nationally representative United States high schools via Reporting Information Online (RIO, an Internet-based sports-related injury surveillance system). RESULTS: Participating certified athletic trainers reported 1524 soccer injuries during 637 446 athlete exposures (AEs), for an injury rate of 2.39 per 1000 AEs, corresponding to a nationally estimated 807 492 soccer-related injuries during the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 seasons. The injury rate per 1000 AEs was greater during competition (4.77) than practice (1.37) (rate ratio [RR] = 3.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.15-3.87). Overall, the most frequent diagnoses were incomplete ligament sprains (26.8%), incomplete muscle strains (17.9%), contusions (13.8%), and concussions (10.8%). The most commonly injured body sites were the ankle (23.4%), knee (18.7%), head/face (13.7%), and thigh/upper leg (13.1%). Similar proportions of boys (57.9%) and girls (53.9%) returned to activity in <1 week. During competition, girls sustained complete knee ligament sprains requiring surgery at a rate of 26.4 per 100 000 AEs, higher than the rate among boys during competition (1.98 per 100 000 AEs) (RR = 13.3; 95% CI, 3.15-56.35) and among girls during practice (2.34 per 100 000 AEs) (RR = 11.3; 95% CI, 4.31-29.58). Player-to-player contact was more common among competition injuries (injury proportion ratio [IPR] = 2.42; 95% CI, 2.01-2.92), while noncontact mechanisms were more common among practice injuries (IPR = 2.39; 95% CI, 1.90-3.01). CONCLUSIONS: High school soccer injury patterns vary by gender and type of exposure. Identifying such differences in injury patterns is the important first step in the development of evidence-based, targeted injury prevention efforts.
背景：在过去30年里，美国高中足球运动的参与人数增长了5倍。随着参与人数的增加，受伤发生率也随之上升。 假设：高中足球运动的受伤模式会因性别和接触类型的不同而有所差异。 研究设计：描述性流行病学研究。 方法：在2005 - 2006学年和2006 - 2007学年期间，通过在线报告信息系统（RIO，一个基于互联网的与体育相关的损伤监测系统），从100所具有全国代表性的美国高中收集了与足球相关的损伤数据。 结果：参与调查的认证运动训练师报告了在637446次运动员暴露（AE）期间发生的1524起足球损伤事件，损伤率为每1000次AE中有2.39起，这相当于在2005 - 2006赛季和2006 - 2007赛季全国范围内估计有807492起与足球相关的损伤。每1000次AE的损伤率在比赛期间（4.77）高于训练期间（1.37）（率比[RR] = 3.49；95%置信区间[CI]，3.15 - 3.87）。总体而言，最常见的诊断结果是不完全韧带扭伤（26.8%）、不完全肌肉拉伤（17.9%）、挫伤（13.8%）和脑震荡（10.8%）。最常受伤的身体部位是脚踝（23.4%）、膝盖（18.7%）、头部/面部（13.7%）和大腿/上腿（13.1%）。男孩（57.9%）和女孩（53.9%）在不到1周内恢复活动的比例相似。在比赛期间，女孩每100000次AE中发生需要手术的完全膝盖韧带扭伤的发生率为26.4，高于男孩在比赛期间的发生率（每100000次AE中有1.98起）（RR = 13.3；95% CI，3.15 - 56.35）以及女孩在训练期间的发生率（每100000次AE中有2.34起）（RR = 11.3；95% CI，4.31 - 29.58）。球员之间的接触在比赛损伤中更为常见（损伤比例比[IPR] = 2.42；95% CI，2.01 - 2.92），而非接触机制在训练损伤中更为常见（IPR = 2.39；95% CI，1.90 - 3.01）。 结论：高中足球运动的受伤模式因性别和接触类型的不同而有所差异。识别这种损伤模式的差异是开展基于证据的、有针对性的损伤预防工作的重要第一步。
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