Boonsoong Boonsatien, Sangpradub Narumon, Barbour Michael T
Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Environ Monit Assess. 2009 Aug;155(1-4):129-47. doi: 10.1007/s10661-008-0423-2. Epub 2008 Jul 17.
Thailand currently lacks formal bioassessment approaches and protocols to assist management decisions for water quality. The aim of this research is to develop a practical method of rapid bioassessment for a professional level by using benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages for streams in Thailand. Eleven reference and nine test sites were sampled in the headwater streams of the Loei River and adjacent areas to explore the development of a practical protocol. Specific physico-chemical parameters were selected to provide ecological information supplemental to the biological indicators. The biological research was designed around the USEPA Rapid Bioassessment Protocols (RBPs) using the multi-habitat approach. Four fixed-count subsamplings (100, 200, 300 and 500 organisms) were randomly conducted using a standardized gridded pan to evaluate an appropriate level for bioassessment in Thai streams. A 300 organism subsample is adequate for bioassessment purposes in Thai stream (evaluated by calculating dissimilarity values and ordination techniques). A systematic selection of candidate reference sites, metric selection, and index calibration was part of this research. Multimetric and multivariate analyses were examined as a foundation for bioassessment in Thailand. The multimetric approach appears to be more practical for a rapid bioassessment technique. Nine core metrics were identified for biological index score including number of total taxa, Diptera taxa, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, and Coleoptera taxa, (%) Plecoptera, (%) Tolerant organisms, Beck's Biotic Index, (%) Intolerant organisms, Shredders taxa and Clingers taxa were calibrated for the final index. As a result of multimetric and multivariate analyses, family level identification data effectively discriminated reference condition and broad-scale environmental gradients. Hampered by incomplete taxonomic knowledge of benthic macroinvertebrates in Thailand, family-level identification may be sufficient taxonomic resolution for rapid bioassessment in Thailand.
泰国目前缺乏正式的生物评估方法和协议来辅助水质管理决策。本研究的目的是通过利用泰国溪流中的底栖大型无脊椎动物群落，开发一种适用于专业水平的快速生物评估实用方法。在黎府河源头溪流及周边地区选取了11个参考站点和9个测试站点进行采样，以探索实用协议的制定。选择了特定的理化参数，以提供补充生物指标的生态信息。生物研究围绕美国环境保护局的快速生物评估协议（RBPs）采用多栖息地方法设计。使用标准化网格盘随机进行四次固定数量的子采样（100、200、300和500个生物体），以评估泰国溪流生物评估的适当水平。300个生物体的子样本足以用于泰国溪流的生物评估目的（通过计算差异值和排序技术进行评估）。系统选择候选参考站点、指标选择和指数校准是本研究的一部分。多指标和多变量分析作为泰国生物评估的基础进行了检验。多指标方法似乎更适用于快速生物评估技术。确定了九个核心指标用于生物指数评分，包括总分类单元数量、双翅目分类单元、蜉蝣目、襀翅目、毛翅目和鞘翅目分类单元、（%）襀翅目、（%）耐受生物、贝克生物指数、（%）不耐受生物、碎食者分类单元和附着者分类单元，对最终指数进行了校准。多指标和多变量分析的结果表明，科级鉴定数据有效地区分了参考条件和广泛的环境梯度。由于泰国底栖大型无脊椎动物分类学知识不完整，科级鉴定可能是泰国快速生物评估足够的分类分辨率。
